YL1 Physio Evals 2 Review Class Pre-Test

What is the major cation of the intracellular fluid?

• Sodium

• Potassium

• Chloride

• Bicarbonate

Saltatory conduction allows an increase in the speed of an electrical signal. This signal jumps across what points?

• Axon hillocks

• Myelin sheaths

• Nodes of Ranvier

• Dendrites

Which of the following is not a factor of the Goldman equation?

• Ion size

• Ion permeability

• Ion charge

• Ion concentration

Which of the following is primarily used in the repolarization of the nerve membrane during an action potential?

• Na⁺/K⁺ pump

• Voltage-gated Na⁺ channel

• K⁺ leak channel

• Voltage-gated K⁺ channel

Where would Na⁺ and K⁺ ions passively flow in the resting membrane potential?

• Na⁺ extracellularly, K⁺ intracellularly

• Na⁺ extracellularly, K⁺ extracellularly

• Na⁺ intracellularly, K⁺ extracellularly

• Na⁺ intracellularly, K⁺ intracellularly

What is the primary neurotransmitter used in the neuromuscular junction?

• Glycine

• Acetylcholine

• Epinephrine

• Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Through with structures are electrical signals bidirectionally transmitted?

• Gap junctions

• Synaptic clefts

• Nodes of Ranvier

• Ionotropic receptors

When an action potential reaches the axon terminal of a neuromuscular junction, the depolarization opens what gates?

• Voltage-gated Na⁺ channels

• Voltage-gated K⁺ channels

• Voltage-gated Cl^- channels

• Voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels

Which of the following chemicals blocks acetylcholine receptors via competitive inhibition?

• d-Turbocurarine

• Aspirin

• Botox

• Methotrexate

What autoimmune disease attacks acetylcholine receptors?

• Multiple sclerosis

• Tetanus

• Myasthenia gravis

• Lupus erythematosus