Neuro Exam 1 Review

1. Which of the following descriptions match ependymal cells?

• regulate the chemical content of the extracellular space; participate in synaptic transmission

• 1. provide the lining of fluid filled ventricles in the brain

• 1. involved in pain

• provide myelin sheaths around axons in the brain and spinal cord (oligodendrocytes) or in the nerves (schwann cells)

1. Which of the following descriptors are incorrect?

• 1. The central sulcus separates the parietal and the temporal lobes. 

• 1. The lateral fissure separates the frontal and temporal lobes.  

• The preoccipital notch is on the inferior surface and separates the occipital and temporal lobes.

• The parieto-occipital sulcus is on the posterior/superior portion of the brain and separates the parietal and occipital lobes.

1. T or F: Oligodendrocytes myelinate one neuron while schwann cells myelinate multiple neurons.

• True

• False

1. Which type of neuronal circuit is the foundation for summation and facilitation? 

• Divergence

• Convergence

• Split Circuit

• Retrograde

1. Which of the following is not a criteria for a neurotransmitter? 

• 1. It has a mechanism for removal once an action potential is generated

• 1. It is synthesized in the neuron 

• It is present in postsynaptic terminal and released in sufficient amount to produce effect on presynaptic neuron

• 1. Exogenous administration mimics the action of an endogenously released transmitter

1. T or F: The filum terminale and denticulate ligaments are meningeal structures only found in the PNS (Not CNS)

• True

• False

1. Which of the following are not supratentorial herniations? 

• 1. Subfalcine (cingulate) herniations

• 1. Cerebellar-tonsillar herniation

• 1. Central (downwarn transtentorial) herniations

• 1. Uncal (transtentorial) herniations

1. Fill in the blanks:

EPSP- when excitatory NT (in PNS is ______, in CNS is ______)  is released, there is opening of ligand gated channels that allow ________ to enter the cell resulting in _________ of post synaptic membrane.

• 1. Acetylcholine, Glutamate, sodium, depolarization

• 1. Acetylcholine, Glutamate, sodium, hyperpolarization

• 1. Glycine, Glutamate, sodium, depolarization

• 1. GABA, Glutamate, sodium, depolarization

If there is compromise to the posterior cerebral artery, which of the following locations will be most affected?

• 1. Pons

• 1. Lateral surface of frontal lobe

• 1. Midbrain 

• 1. Medial portion of cerebral hemispheres 

• 1. Lateral surface of temporal lobe 

1. Which of the following important dates during development is matched correctly? 

• Day 3-notochord develops

• 1. Day 17- neural plate formed from ectoderm

• 1. Day 15- neural crests fuse to become neural tube

• 1. Day 21-22-cells divide to form morula 

• 1. Day 16-primitive streak forms