Protein Synthesis and Mutations

What is a frameshift mutation?

• A mutation caused by insertions or deletions that shift the reading frame of the genetic message.

• A mutation that occurs due to a single nucleotide change.

• A mutation that results in a premature stop codon in the protein sequence.

• A mutation that does not affect the amino acid sequence of the protein.

What are the two main types of mutations?

• Point mutations and frameshift mutations.

• Insertion mutations and deletion mutations.

• Silent mutations and missense mutations.

• Translocation mutations and duplication mutations.

What is made during translation?

• a protein

• a carbohydrate

• a lipid

• a nucleic acid

What units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?

• Amino acids

• Nucleotides

• Fatty acids

• Monosaccharides

What represents a point mutation in a DNA sequence?

• A change in one nucleotide, e.g., CAT-CCT-CAT.

• A deletion of a segment of DNA.

• A duplication of an entire gene.

• A rearrangement of the DNA sequence.

What is a codon?

• A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

• A type of protein that helps in DNA replication.

• A single nucleotide that can code for multiple amino acids.

• A structure that carries genetic information in eukaryotic cells.

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

• DNA -> RNA -> Protein.

• RNA -> DNA -> Protein.

• Protein -> RNA -> DNA.

• DNA -> Protein -> RNA.

What is the function of tRNA?

• tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

• tRNA synthesizes proteins from amino acids.

• tRNA carries genetic information from DNA to RNA.

• tRNA helps in the replication of DNA.

What is made during transcription?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• DNA

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

• mRNA helps in the replication of DNA.

• mRNA is responsible for the folding of proteins.

• mRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome.