Gene Expression Quiz

What is one of the keys to gene transcription in bacteria?

• The presence of ribosomes.

• The organization of genes into operons.

• The synthesis of lipids.

• The breakdown of carbohydrates.

What happens to the lac genes when lactose is not present?

• They are turned on by regulatory proteins.

• They are turned off by regulatory proteins.

• They are activated by lactose.

• They are unaffected by lactose presence.

What role do regulatory proteins play in the lac operon when lactose is absent?

• They activate transcription.

• They bind to DNA and block transcription.

• They increase lactose production.

• They remove lactose from the cell.

What are the two regulatory regions located in front of the operon’s three genes?

• Promoter and enhancer

• Operator and enhancer

• Promoter and operator

• Operator and terminator

What role does RNA polymerase play in the presence of lactose?

• It synthesizes mRNA for lactose utilization enzymes.

• It breaks down lactose into simpler sugars.

• It inhibits the production of lactose.

• It removes lactose from the cell.

What is the primary role of transcription factors in eukaryotic genes?

• To replicate DNA sequences

• To bind DNA sequences and control gene expression

• To degrade RNA molecules

• To synthesize proteins

Where do transcription factors bind in eukaryotic genes?

• Coding regions

• Regulatory regions

• Introns

• Exons

Why is regulating gene expression important in multicellular organisms?

• It prevents cell division.

• It shapes how an organism develops.

• It stops genetic mutations.

• It eliminates specialized cells.

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What determines the phenotype of an organism?

• Only its genotype.

• Only environmental conditions.

• Both genotype and environmental conditions.

• Neither genotype nor environmental conditions.

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What do epigenetic mechanisms control in an organism's life cycle?

• The color of an organism's eyes

• Which genes are on and off

• The size of an organism

• The speed of an organism's growth

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