DNA Replication

What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends of DNA strands?

• They indicate the directionality of the DNA strands, which is important for replication and transcription.

• They determine the size of the DNA molecule.

• They are involved in the bonding of nucleotides only.

• They indicate the type of genetic information encoded in the DNA.

What is a leading strand in DNA replication?

• The strand that is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork.

• The strand that is synthesized in short fragments away from the replication fork.

• The strand that is not involved in DNA replication.

• The strand that is synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork.

What does DNA stand for?

• Deoxyribonucleic acid

• Dioxyribonucleic acid

• Deoxyribose nucleic acid

• Deoxyribonucleic base

What is semi-conservative replication?

• The process by which each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one new strand.

• The process by which DNA is replicated without any original strands.

• The method by which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template.

• The technique used to separate DNA strands for analysis.

What are the four nitrogen bases in DNA?

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil

• Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine, Adenine

What is a lagging strand in DNA replication?

• The strand that is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork.

• The strand that is synthesized in short segments (Okazaki fragments) in the opposite direction of the replication fork.

• The strand that is not involved in DNA replication.

• The strand that is synthesized only during the S phase of the cell cycle.

Nitrogen bases are joined by which type of bond?

• ionic bonds

• covalent bonds

• hydrogen bonds

• metallic bonds

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

• It synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

• It unwinds the DNA double helix to allow replication.

• It repairs damaged DNA strands after replication.

• It removes RNA primers from the newly synthesized DNA strands.

What is a mutation?

• a change/mistake in DNA

• a type of protein

• a cellular process

• a genetic trait

What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?

• It unwinds and separates the two strands of the DNA double helix.

• It synthesizes new DNA strands.

• It repairs damaged DNA.

• It adds RNA primers to the DNA strands.