Module 2, Lesson 1

What is the role of photosynthesis in this food chain?

• The cactus uses light energy from the Sun to undergo photosynthesis and produce glucose. The glucose provides energy to both the cactus and the woodpecker that consumes the cactus.

• The cactus uses light energy from the Sun to undergo cellular respiration and produce glucose. The glucose provides energy to both the cactus and the woodpecker that consumes the cactus.

• The cactus uses chemical energy from the Sun to undergo photosynthesis and produce glucose. The glucose provides energy to both the cactus and the woodpecker that consumes the cactus.

• The cactus uses chemical energy from the Sun to undergo cellular respiration and produce glucose. The glucose provides energy to both the cactus and the woodpecker that consumes the cactus.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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A student studies the food web shown below, then makes the statement that consumers are dependent on photosynthesis. Which reasoning supports this statement?

• Consumers can make their own food, but they still consume producers or other organisms that eat consumers. Most producers produce the energy-rich food molecule glucose through the process of photosynthesis.

• Consumers can make their own food, but they consume producers or other organisms that eat consumers. Most producers produce the energy-rich food molecule glucose through the process of cellular respiration.

• Consumers cannot make their own food. They consume producers or other organisms that eat consumers. Most producers produce the energy-rich food molecule glucose through the process of photosynthesis.

• Consumers cannot make their own food. They consume producers or other organisms that eat consumers. Most producers produce the energy-rich food molecule glucose through the process of cellular respiration.

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The energy pyramid below shows that there are fewer tertiary consumers compared to the number of producers. Which best explains why energy pyramids are represented this way?

• Since there is energy lost between each level, it takes fewer producers to support a larger number of tertiary consumers in an ecosystem.

• Since there is energy lost between each level, it takes many producers to support just a few tertiary consumers in an ecosystem.

• Since there is energy gained between each level, it takes fewer producers to support a larger number of tertiary consumers in an ecosystem.

• Since there is energy gained between each level, it takes many producers to support just a few tertiary consumers in an ecosystem.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

A student modeled the energy flow from one trophic level to the next in an ecosystem: Producers → A → B → C → D At which level would you expect there to be the least number of consumers?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

If the available energy for Producers is 90,000,000 kilocalories, what would you expect to happen to the available energy as you move up each trophic level in a real ecosystem?

• It decreases.

• It increases.

• It stays the same.

• It doubles.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

This energy pyramid shows the trophic levels in an ecosystem. Which correctly compares the amount of available energy in trophic levels shown in the energy pyramid?

• Polar bear populations have more available energy than fish.

• Zooplankton populations have less energy available than fish.

• Seal populations have more available energy than polar bears.

• Phytoplankton populations and zooplankton populations have equal amounts.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What do the arrows in the food chain below represent? Nuts → Chipmunk → Hawk

• Energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.

• Matter is transferred from one trophic level to the next.

• Matter and energy are transferred from one trophic level to the next.

• Neither matter nor energy are transferred from one trophic level to the next.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

An energy pyramid is shown below. Which type of organism would you find in Trophic Level 1?

• carnivore

• detritivore

• herbivore

• producer

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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Suppose a severe storm with high winds and flooding destroyed about half of the vegetation in an ecosystem. Which statement best describes how the energy in the ecosystem would be immediately affected by this change?

• The amount of energy in the ecosystem would decrease.

• The amount of energy in the ecosystem would increase.

• The amount of energy would increase, then decrease.

• The amount of energy would remain the same.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

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A grasshopper eats grass, then is eaten by a bird. The bird is eaten by a fox. Which model shows how energy flows through the trophic levels in this scenario?

• grasshopper ➜ grass ➜ bird ➜ fox

• grass ➜ grasshopper ➜ bird ➜ fox

• bird ➜ fox ➜ grasshopper ➜ grass

• fox ➜ bird ➜ grass ➜ grasshopper

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3