1.1 Particle motion and energy

Which statement best describes the motion of particles in a solid?

• Particles move freely and quickly in all directions.

• Particles vibrate in fixed positions.

• Particles slide past each other easily.

• Particles do not move at all.

What happens to the kinetic energy of particles in a liquid when heat is added?

• It decreases.

• It stays the same.

• It increases.

• It disappears.

How do gas particles behave compared to particles in solids and liquids?

• They are tightly packed and only vibrate.

• They are close together and slide past each other.

• They move freely and quickly in all directions.

• They do not move at all.

What effect does removing heat have on the motion of particles in a liquid?

• Particles move faster.

• Particles move slower.

• Particles stop moving.

• Particles move in circles.

Which state of matter has the least kinetic energy in its particles?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

When a solid is heated, what happens to the motion of its particles?

• They stop moving.

• They vibrate more quickly.

• They move farther apart and stop vibrating.

• They become completely still.

Thermal energy always gets transferred from

• Hotter materials to hotter materials

• Hotter materials to colder materials

• Colder materials to hotter materials

• Colder materials to colder materials

What happens to the kinetic energy of particles in a solid when it is cooled?

• It increases.

• It stays the same.

• It decreases.

• It disappears completely.

Which state of matter has particles with the most kinetic energy?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

What happens to the speed of gas particles when the temperature increases?

• They move slower.

• They move at the same speed.

• They move faster.

• They stop moving.