Understanding inheritance

What is the significance of the 1:2:1 ratio in a monohybrid cross?

• It represents the expected phenotypic ratio of offspring from a monohybrid cross.

• It indicates the probability of obtaining a homozygous recessive offspring.

• It represents the expected genotypic ratio of offspring from a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents.

• It shows the ratio of dominant to recessive traits in the offspring.

What is a pedigree?

• A type of genetic disorder

• A family tree that shows the occurrence of genetic traits across generations.

• A method for cloning animals

• A chart that tracks physical characteristics of individuals

What is inheritance?

• Inheritance is the process by which genetic information is passed from parents to their offspring.

• Inheritance refers to the transfer of property and assets from one generation to another.

• Inheritance is a programming concept that allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.

• Inheritance is the method by which organisms adapt to their environment over time.

What is a genotype?

• The physical appearance of an organism.

• The genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses (e.g., GG, Gg, gg).

• The environment in which an organism lives.

• The process by which traits are passed from parents to offspring.

What is a phenotype?

• A genetic makeup of an organism

• The observable characteristics of an organism, such as eye color or height

• The process of cell division

• The study of heredity and variation in organisms

What is the role of genes in inheritance?

• Genes are segments of DNA that carry the instructions for traits and are passed from parents to offspring.

• Genes are proteins that determine the color of an organism's eyes.

• Genes are random sequences of nucleotides with no specific function.

• Genes are only found in plants and not in animals.

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

• Dominant alleles are always expressed in the phenotype, while recessive alleles are not expressed unless in a homozygous state.

• Dominant alleles mask the effect of recessive alleles in a heterozygous genotype.

• Recessive alleles are more common in a population than dominant alleles.

• Dominant alleles can only be inherited from one parent, while recessive alleles can be inherited from both parents.

How do environmental factors influence traits?

• They have no effect on traits.

• They can affect the expression of traits, leading to variations in phenotype even among individuals with the same genotype.

• They only influence traits in plants, not animals.

• They determine the genotype of an individual.

What is a Punnett Square?

• A diagram used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

• A tool for measuring the height of plants in a garden.

• A method for calculating the age of fossils in geology.

• A chart used to track the migration patterns of animals.

What are alleles?

• Different species of organisms

• Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

• The physical location of a gene on a chromosome

• The process by which genes are expressed