Science - Variation and classification

What is variation in living things?

• When living things stay the same

• Differences between living things of the same group

• Only differences in plant sizes

• When animals change colour

Answer explanation

Think about it this way: Look at your classmates - some might be tall, others shorter. Some might have curly hair, others straight hair. Some might have brown eyes, others blue eyes. These differences are what we call "variation"!

Which kingdom of living things makes their own food using sunlight?

• Plants

• Animals

• Bacteria

Answer explanation

Think of plants like tiny food factories! They have a super cool power that no other living things have. They can make their own food using:

• Sunlight

• Water (from the soil)

• Air

What are invertebrates?

• Animals with backbones

• Only sea animals

• Animals without backbones

• Only land animals

Answer explanation

Invertebrates are animals that do not have a backbone. Unlike humans, cats, or dogs, these animals don’t have bones inside their bodies.

Examples of invertebrates include:

• Insects (butterflies, ants, bees)

• Spiders

• Worms

• Snails

• Jellyfish

What are the two main groups of plants?

• Big and small plants

• Green and brown plants

• Flowering and Non Flowering Plants

Answer explanation

• Flowering plants are plants that grow flowers. Some examples are roses, sunflowers, mango trees, and apple trees. These plants make seeds inside their flowers.

• Non-flowering plants are plants that do not grow flowers. Examples are ferns, mosses, and pine trees.

Which of these is NOT a vertebrate?

• Fish

• Bird

• Spider

• Snake

Answer explanation

• Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone (spine). Examples:

  • Fish 🐠 – have a backbone

  • Birds 🐦 – have a backbone

  • Snakes 🐍 – even though they are long and bendy, they also have a backbone

• Spiders do not have a backbone. They are invertebrates.

If a new animal is discovered that has scales, lays eggs, and can change color, which group would it most likely belong to

• Mammals

• Birds

• Reptiles

• Amphibians

Answer explanation

• Mammals (like humans, cats, and dolphins) usually have hair or fur, and they do not have scales.

• Birds (like eagles or parrots) have feathers, not scales.

• Amphibians (like frogs and salamanders) have smooth, wet skin and usually live part of their life in water and part on land.

• Reptiles (like lizards, snakes, and crocodiles) have scales, they usually lay eggs, and some (like chameleons) can even change color.

So, the animal in the question fits best in the reptile group.

How do earthworms help the environment?

• They eat other animals

• They make soil healthy

• They clean the air.

• They change colour

Answer explanation

• Earthworms dig tunnels in the soil. This helps air and water reach the roots of plants.

• They eat dead leaves and plants and break them down into tiny pieces. When they do this, they leave behind nutrients in the soil.

What is special about amphibians?

• They have feathers

• They live only in water

• They live on land and in water

• They have fur

Answer explanation

• Amphibians are animals like frogs, toads, and salamanders.

• When they are young (like tadpoles), they live in water and breathe through gills, just like fish.

• This makes them special because they can live in two places: both land and water.

Which is an example of a non-flowering plant?

• Sunflower

• Cherry Blossom

• Fern

• Rose

Answer explanation

• Flowering plants (like sunflower, cherry blossom, and rose) grow flowers. These flowers help them make seeds. 🌸🌻🌹

• Non-flowering plants do not grow flowers.

• A fern is a non-flowering plant. It has green leaves but never grows flowers.

What is classification?

• Making things different

• Counting all living things

• Putting similar things into groups

• Drawing pictures of plants

Answer explanation

• Classification means sorting or grouping things that are alike.

• Scientists use classification to make it easier to study living things.

• For example:

  • Animals can be grouped into vertebrates (with a backbone) and invertebrates (without a backbone).

  • Plants can be grouped into flowering and non-flowering plants.

So, classification helps us organize living things so we can understand them better.