Chapter 31 – Communicable Diseases Study Guide

List three key ways to defend against microorganisms:

• 1. Wash hands regularly, 2. Get vaccinated, 3. Practice good hygiene

• 1. Eat more sugar, 2. Avoid all water, 3. Skip sleep

• 1. Ignore symptoms, 2. Share personal items, 3. Avoid doctors

• 1. Stay indoors always, 2. Never exercise, 3. Eat only fast food

Match the type of transmission with its description:

• Spread through the air

• Airborne

• Spread by insects or animals

• Indirect Contact

• Touching contaminated surfaces

• Direct Contact

• Person-to-person physical contact

• Vector

Plantar warts are caused by ____________ and are usually found where?

• Human papillomavirus (HPV); usually found on the soles of the feet

• Staphylococcus aureus; usually found on the scalp

• Herpes simplex virus; usually found on the lips

• Candida albicans; usually found in the mouth

Chicken pox is caused by the ____________ virus. Why is it contagious?

• Varicella-zoster virus; It is contagious because it spreads through respiratory droplets or direct contact with lesions.

• Influenza virus; It is contagious because it spreads through contaminated water.

• Hepatitis B virus; It is contagious because it spreads through mosquito bites.

• Rabies virus; It is contagious because it spreads through contaminated food.

Vaccinations are important in preventing mumps because:

• they help the body develop immunity against the virus.

• they cure mumps instantly.

• they make mumps symptoms milder.

• they prevent all viral diseases.

Compare and contrast: - Measles (Rubeola): ____________________ - Rubella (German measles): ____________________

• Measles (Rubeola): Causes high fever, cough, runny nose, and rash; Rubella (German measles): Milder symptoms, rash, and can cause birth defects if contracted during pregnancy.

• Measles (Rubeola): Causes mild symptoms and joint pain; Rubella (German measles): Causes severe cough and high fever.

• Measles (Rubeola): Only affects adults; Rubella (German measles): Only affects children.

• Measles (Rubeola): Causes birth defects if contracted during pregnancy; Rubella (German measles): No risk to pregnancy.

List two symptoms of aseptic meningitis:

• Headache, fever (other symptoms may include stiff neck, sensitivity to light)

• Cough, chest pain

• Abdominal pain, diarrhea

• Joint swelling, rash

Prevention is important for this disease because:

• it helps reduce the spread and impact of the disease.

• it guarantees a complete cure for everyone.

• it eliminates the need for any medical treatment.

• it makes the disease beneficial to health.

Athletes should avoid play until the spleen is normal because:

• there is a risk of spleen rupture if it is enlarged

• it improves athletic performance

• it prevents dehydration

• it helps heal muscle injuries

Laryngitis is inflammation of the ____________. How should it be treated?

• Larynx; It should be treated with rest, hydration, and avoiding irritants.

• Pharynx; It should be treated with antibiotics and surgery.

• Trachea; It should be treated with steroids and inhalers.

• Bronchi; It should be treated with bronchodilators and antibiotics.