MCA_Operating Systems

What is the primary function of an operating system?

• To run applications without hardware

• The primary function of an operating system is to manage hardware and software resources.

• To provide internet connectivity

• To manage user passwords

Define process management in the context of operating systems.

• Process management is the handling of processes in an operating system, including their creation, scheduling, and termination.

• Process management involves only the user interface of the operating system.

• Process management refers to the management of hardware resources.

• Process management is only concerned with memory allocation.

What is a process in an operating system?

• A process is an instance of a program in execution managed by the operating system.

• A process is a type of hardware component.

• A process is a static file stored on disk.

• A process is a user interface element.

Explain the difference between a process and a thread.

• A process is an independent execution unit with its own memory space, while a thread is a lightweight unit of a process that shares memory and resources.

• A process is a lightweight unit that shares memory with other processes.

• A process is always faster than a thread.

• Threads cannot communicate with each other.

What are the states of a process in process management?

• New, Ready, Running, Waiting, Terminated

• Blocked

• Completed

• Paused

What is a process control block (PCB)?

• A PCB is a programming language used for process management.

• A process control block (PCB) is a data structure that contains information about a process in an operating system.

• A PCB is a type of hardware component.

• A PCB is a graphical representation of a process flow.

How does the operating system manage CPU scheduling?

• CPU scheduling is managed solely by user applications without OS intervention.

• The operating system allocates CPU time randomly without any criteria.

• The operating system manages CPU scheduling through scheduling algorithms that allocate CPU time to processes based on various criteria.

• The operating system uses hardware timers to manage CPU scheduling.

What is the purpose of context switching?

• To enhance security by isolating processes from each other.

• To improve CPU performance by increasing clock speed.

• To enable multitasking by allowing the CPU to switch between processes or threads.

• To reduce memory usage by eliminating unnecessary processes.

What is a deadlock in process management?

• A deadlock happens when processes are executed in parallel without any resource allocation.

• A deadlock is a situation in process management where two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release resources.

• A deadlock occurs when a process is terminated unexpectedly.

• A deadlock is when a process runs out of memory.

List and explain the basic components of an operating system.

• Memory management and scheduling

• Application software and user accounts

• The basic components of an operating system are the kernel, user interface, device drivers, file management systems, and system utilities.

• Network protocols and security