Cell Biology Worksheet

What is the defining characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

• Lack of a nucleus

• Presence of a nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane

• No membrane-bound organelles

• Single-celled only

Which organelle is known as the "powerhouse of the cell"?

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Golgi apparatus

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

What is the main function of the nucleus?

• Protein synthesis

• Energy production

• Housing DNA and controlling cell activities

• Detoxifying harmful substances

The nucleolus inside the nucleus produces:

• DNA

• mRNA

• Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembles ribosomes

• ATP

What is the function of ribosomes?

• Lipid synthesis

• Protein synthesis by translating mRNA

• Breaking down cellular debris

• Packaging proteins

Where are ribosomes found in the cell?

• Only attached to the smooth ER

• Only inside the nucleus

• Free-floating in cytoplasm or attached to rough ER

• Only inside mitochondria

The rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) is studded with:

• Mitochondria

• Ribosomes

• Lysosomes

• Peroxisomes

The smooth ER is primarily responsible for:

• Protein synthesis

• Lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium storage

• DNA replication

• Cellular respiration

The Golgi apparatus modifies proteins and lipids by adding:

• DNA and RNA

• Carbohydrates or phosphate groups

• ATP

• Amino acids

Lysosomes contain:

• Ribosomes

• Digestive enzymes to break down worn-out organelles and debris