1.3 PRACTICE SET Properties of Matter

A diamond has a hardness of 10 on the Mohs scale, weighs 0.25 carats, and appears colorless and brilliant. The hardness of 10 is:

• An intensive property

• An extensive property

• Both intensive and extensive

• Neither intensive nor extensive

Answer explanation

The hardness of 10 on the Mohs scale is an intensive property because it does not depend on the amount of material. In contrast, extensive properties depend on the quantity of matter, such as weight.

A steel rod has a length of 50.0 cm, a mass of 312 g, and a density of 7.85 g/cm³. The mass of 312 g is:

• An intensive property

• An extensive property

• Both intensive and extensive

• Neither intensive nor extensive

Answer explanation

The mass of 312 g is an extensive property because it depends on the amount of material present. Intensive properties, like density, do not change with the quantity of substance.

A sample of pure salt appears white in color, has a mass of 15.2 g, and melts at 801°C. The color (white) is:

• An intensive property

• An extensive property

• Both intensive and extensive

• Neither intensive nor extensive

Answer explanation

The color (white) is an intensive property because it does not depend on the amount of substance present. Intensive properties, like color and melting point, remain constant regardless of the sample size.

A cube of ice melts at 0°C, has a volume of 8.0 cm³, and appears transparent. The volume of 8.0 cm³ is:

• An intensive property

• An extensive property

• Both intensive and extensive

• Neither intensive nor extensive

Answer explanation

The volume of 8.0 cm³ is an extensive property because it depends on the amount of substance present. Intensive properties, like density, do not change with the quantity of material.

A thermometer reads 37°C when measuring body temperature. The patient weighs 70 kg and is 175 cm tall. The temperature of 37°C is:

• An intensive property

• An extensive property

• Both intensive and extensive

• Neither intensive nor extensive

Answer explanation

The temperature of 37°C is an intensive property because it does not depend on the amount of substance present. Unlike extensive properties, which vary with the size or mass of a system, temperature remains constant regardless of the patient's weight or height.

A piece of chalk has a hardness of 1 on the Mohs scale, is 10 cm long, and appears white. The length of 10 cm is:

• An intensive property

• An extensive property

• Both intensive and extensive

• Neither intensive nor extensive

Answer explanation

The length of 10 cm is an extensive property because it depends on the amount of material present. Intensive properties, like hardness, do not change with the size of the sample.

A rubber ball has a density of 0.92 g/cm³, a mass of 45 g, and appears red in color. The color (red) is:

• An intensive property

• An extensive property

• Both intensive and extensive

• Neither intensive nor extensive

Answer explanation

The color red is an intensive property because it does not depend on the amount of material present. Intensive properties, like color, density, and boiling point, remain constant regardless of the sample size.

Mercury has a boiling point of 357°C, a volume of 20.0 mL in a container, and appears silver in color. The volume of 20.0 mL is:

• An intensive property

• An extensive property

• Both intensive and extensive

• Neither intensive nor extensive

Answer explanation

The volume of 20.0 mL is an extensive property because it depends on the amount of substance present. Intensive properties, like boiling point, do not change with the quantity of material.

A copper wire is 25.0 cm in length, has a density of 8.96 g/cm³, and conducts electricity well. The hardness property that determines how easily it can be bent is:

• An intensive property

• An extensive property

• Both intensive and extensive

• Neither intensive nor extensive

Answer explanation

The hardness property that determines how easily a material can be bent is an intensive property, as it does not depend on the amount of material present. Therefore, the correct answer is 'An intensive property'.

A sample of sulfur appears yellow, has a mass of 32.1 g, and melts at 115°C. The mass of 32.1 g is:

• An intensive property

• An extensive property

• Both intensive and extensive

• Neither intensive nor extensive

Answer explanation

The mass of 32.1 g is an extensive property because it depends on the amount of substance present. Intensive properties, like melting point, do not change with the quantity of material.