QUIZ 2 - LIPIDS

During a health seminar, Vico, a nutritionist explains the various functions of cholesterol in the body. He emphasizes that while cholesterol is often discussed as a risk factor for atherosclerosis, it also plays other important roles. Aside from being a risk factor for atherosclerosis, what role does cholesterol play in the body

• Acts as a hormone receptor

• Precursor for bile acids and steroid hormones

• Main energy storage molecule

• Source of nitrogen

What is the main structural component of a triaclycerol?

• Glycerol and three fatty acids

• Glycerol and one fatty acid

• Glycerol and a phosphate group

• Glycerol and an amino acid

Park Jihyo is experimenting with different types of cooking oils in her kitchen. She learns that one of the oils is a triglyceride that contains mostly short-chain fatty acids. What can she predict about the melting point of this oil?

• It will be high

• It will be moderate

• It cannot be predicted

• It will be low

During a routine health check-up, Sarah Discaya learns that her LDL cholesterol levels are elevated. Concerned about her diet, she asks her doctor which lipid class is most directly associated with her high LDL cholesterol. Which of the following is the correct answer?

• Triglycerides

• Omega-3 fatty acids

• Phospholipids

• Saturated fats

What makes a fatty acid "unsaturated"?

• Presence of a hydroxyl group

• Absence of carbon-carbon bonds

• Presence of at least one double bond

• Presence of a carboxyl group

Eli is trying to improve her heart health and has been advised to make dietary changes. Which dietary lipid change would most effectively reduce her LDL levels?

• Increase saturated fat

• Replace butter with olive oil

• Increase consumption of trans fats

• Eliminate all carbohydrates

Which of the following adrenocorticoid hormones controls the balance of Na+ and K+ ions in cells and body fluids?

• Glucocorticoids

• Mineralocorticoids

• Norethynodrel

• Estradiol

Which of the following best defines lipids?

• Water-soluble macromolecules used for structural support

• Nonpolar, hydrophobic organic molecules are insoluble in water

• Substances composed solely of amino acids

• Polymers made up of nucleotide monomers

Which of the following is NOT a major classification of lipids?

• Fatty Acids

• Steroids

• Proteins

• Triacylglycerols

What is the defining feature of omega-3 fatty acids?

• A double bond at the 9th carbon

• A methyl group at the omega carbon

• A double bond at the third carbon from the omega end

• A saturated carbon chain