The Cognitive Perspective (SLA)

1. 1. The cognitive perspective sees the human ________ as a computer.

2. 2. It's not a special, separate part of the brain just for ________.

This is "knowing about" something. For example, a student can explain a grammar rule, like "add -ed for the past tense." They have to think about the rule consciously.

• Declarative Knowledge

• Procedural Knowledge

4. 4. This is "knowing how" to do something. The student can use the past tense correctly in a conversation without thinking about the rule.

• Declarative Knowledge

• Procedural Knowledge

5. 5. With a lot of practice, procedural knowledge becomes ________.

6. 6. According to the Noticing ________, students cannot learn a language feature until they consciously notice it.

7. 7. Interactive Practice: Students should practice with other ________.

9. 8. Meaningful Practice: The practice should be about communicating ________ ideas.

9. 9. Task-based Practice: Students should use the language to ________ a task.

10. 10. The usage-based idea says that we learn language by hearing and seeing ________ again and again.