Earth Science Chapter 11 - Deformation of the Crust

Match the following Key Terms with their definition

• fold

• the bending, tilting, and breaking of Earth's crust; the change in the shape of rock in response to stress

• deformation

• a condition of gravitation and buoyant equilibrium between Earth's lithosphere and asthenosphere

• stress

• a form of ductile strain in which rock layers bend, usually as a result of compression

• strain

• any change in a rock's shape or volume caused by stress

• isostasy

• the amount of force per unit area that acts on a rock

Match the following Key Terms with their definition

• mountain range

• a mountain that forms where faulting breaks Earth's crust into large blocks, which causes some blocks to drop down relative to other blocks

• folded mountain

• a mountain that forms when rock layers are squeezed together and uplifted

• dome mountain

• a series of mountains that are closely related in orientation, age, and mode of formation

• fault-block mountain

• a break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another; a form of brittle strain

• fault

• a circular or elliptical, almost symmetrical elevation or structure in which the stratified rock slopes downward gently from the central point of folding

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

When the weight of an area of Earth's crust increases, the lithosphere

• sinks

• melts

• rises

• collides

The force per unit area that changes the shape and volume of rock is

• footwall

• isostasy

• rising

• stress

Shear stress

• bends, twists, or breaks rock

• causes isostasy

• causes rock to melt

• causes rock to expand

When stress is applied under condition of high pressure and high temperature, rock is more likely to

• fracture

• sink

• fault

• fold

Folds in which both limbs remain horizontal are called

• monoclines

• fractures

• synclines

• anticlines

When a fault is not vertical, the rock above the fault plane makes up the

• tension

• footwall

• hanging wall

• compression

A fault in which the rock on either side of the fault plane moves horizontally in nearly opposite directions is called a

• normal fault

• reverse fault

• strike-slip fault

• thrust fault

The largest mountain systems are part of still larger systems called

• continental margins

• ranges

• belts

• synclines