Mastering OOPs in Python

What is the main principle of Object-Oriented Programming?

• Polymorphism

• Abstraction

• Inheritance

• Encapsulation

Define a class in Python.

• class MyClass: def __init__(self): pass

• def MyClass(): pass

• class MyClass() {}

• MyClass = type('MyClass', (), {})

What is an object in the context of OOP?

• An object is a function that performs actions.

• A class is a blueprint for creating objects.

• An object is an instance of a class that encapsulates data and behavior in OOP.

• An object is a type of variable in programming.

Explain the concept of inheritance in Python.

• Inheritance in Python is a mechanism where a class can inherit attributes and methods from another class, enabling code reuse and establishing relationships between classes.

• Inheritance in Python is a way to delete attributes from a class.

• Inheritance is a method to combine multiple classes into one single class.

• Inheritance allows a class to create new instances without any parent class.

What is polymorphism and how is it implemented in Python?

• Polymorphism refers to the ability to create multiple classes in Python.

• Polymorphism is a feature that allows Python to run faster.

• Polymorphism in Python is implemented through method overriding and duck typing.

• Polymorphism is only achieved through inheritance in Python.

What is the purpose of the __init__ method in a class?

• To delete an object's attributes when a class instance is destroyed.

• To define a class's methods and functions.

• To create a new class from an existing one.

• To initialize an object's attributes when a class instance is created.

How do you create a class variable in Python?

• Use the `self` keyword to declare it

• Define a variable inside a method

• Declare it within the constructor method

• To create a class variable in Python, define it directly in the class body, e.g., `class MyClass: my_variable = value`.

What is the difference between instance variables and class variables?

• Instance variables are unique to each object; class variables are shared among all objects of the class.

• Class variables can only be accessed by the class itself; instance variables can be accessed by any object.

• Instance variables are shared among all objects; class variables are unique to each object.

• Instance variables are defined outside the class; class variables are defined inside the class.

Explain encapsulation and its importance in OOP.

• Encapsulation is important in OOP because it enhances data security, improves code maintainability, and allows for controlled access to an object's state.

• Encapsulation is only about hiding data from users.

• Encapsulation has no impact on code performance.

• Encapsulation is primarily used for data storage.

What are abstract classes and how are they used in Python?

• Abstract classes in Python are used to define a common interface for subclasses, enforcing the implementation of certain methods.

• Abstract classes are a type of variable in Python.

• Abstract classes are only used for data storage in Python.

• Abstract classes cannot have any methods defined in them.