BIO H: ATP & Photosynthesis Quizs

During a science class, Eliana and Ayden were discussing photosynthesis. Eliana asked, "What is the waste-product of the light-dependent reaction in photosynthesis?"

• Oxygen

• H₂O (water)

• Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)

• NADPH

• Glucose

Answer explanation

The waste product of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis is oxygen. During these reactions, water is split, releasing oxygen as a byproduct, while energy carriers like NADPH and ATP are produced.

How is energy stored to produce ATP in the mitochondria?

• a phosphate group is added to ATP to store energy

• a phosphate group is broken off ATP to release energy

• a phosphate group is broken off ADP to release energy

• a phosphate group is added to ADP to store energy

Answer explanation

Energy is stored in the mitochondria by adding a phosphate group to ADP, forming ATP. This process, known as phosphorylation, allows cells to store energy for later use.

Looking at the image, which is a diagram of the 2 reactions of photosynthesis, what should P and Q be labeled as?

• Both P and Q are Light Independent Reactions

• P: Light Independent Reaction (Calvin)

  Q: Light Dependent Reaction

• Both P and Q are Light Dependent Reactions

• P: Light Dependent Reaction

  Q: Light Independent Reaction (Calvin)

Answer explanation

In photosynthesis, P represents the Light Dependent Reaction, where sunlight is captured, while Q represents the Light Independent Reaction (Calvin Cycle), where glucose is synthesized. Thus, P is Light Dependent and Q is Light Independent.

How would the concentration of CO₂ in water affect photosynthesis?

• The higher the CO₂, the greater the rate

• The higher the CO₂, the lower the rate

• CO₂ concentration doesn't affect photosynthesis

• A greater rate of photosynthesis causes higher CO₂ concentrations 

Answer explanation

The higher the CO2 concentration in water, the greater the rate of photosynthesis. CO2 is a key reactant in the photosynthesis process, and increased availability enhances the production of glucose and oxygen.

What is the biochemical process of Photosynthesis?

• The process in which heterotrophic organisms use sunlight/solar energy to produce sugars with stored energy.

• The process in which energy stored in the bonds of food (glucose) is converted to ATP.

• The process in which ADP and a Phosphate are converted to ATP.

• The process in which autotrophic organisms use sunlight/solar energy to produce glucose/sugars with stored chemical energy.

Answer explanation

Photosynthesis is the process where autotrophic organisms, like plants, use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, storing chemical energy in the form of sugars.

What is the main purpose of the light dependent reactions?

• To create high energy molecules that will be used in the Calvin Cycle

• To capture solar energy and produce water

• To convert carbon dioxide to stored energy in glucose

• To use the energy in high energy molecules to produce oxygen

Answer explanation

The main purpose of the light dependent reactions is to capture solar energy and convert it into high energy molecules, such as ATP and NADPH, which are then used in the Calvin Cycle to synthesize glucose.

In which organelle does photosynthesis occur?

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplast

• Central Vacuole

• Cell Membrane

• Chlorophyll

Answer explanation

Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, an organelle found in plant cells. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which captures sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Which of these conditions would decrease the rate of photosynthesis in a plant?

• A week of short summer storms with heavy rainfall.

• A change in daylight hours from 12 hours to 8 hours.

• A change in temperature from 110^o to 75^o.

• All of these

Answer explanation

A change in daylight hours from 12 to 8 hours reduces light availability, which is crucial for photosynthesis. While heavy rainfall and temperature changes can affect photosynthesis, the reduction in light is the most direct cause of decreased rates.

If a toxic spill killed off half of the photosynthetic plankton in the ocean, what would happen to the atmosphere?

• The amount of oxygen in the atmosphere would decrease

• The amount of oxygen in the atmosphere would increase

• The amount of CO2 in the atmosphere would decrease

• There would be no change

Answer explanation

Photosynthetic plankton produce oxygen through photosynthesis. If half are killed off, oxygen production decreases, leading to a reduction in atmospheric oxygen levels.

Identify the parts of the ATP molecule.

• Adenine, Deoxyribose. 3 phosphate groups

• Adenine, Ribose. 3 Oxygen groups

• Adenine, Glucose. 3 Phosphate groups

• Adenine, Glucose. 3 Oxygen Groups

• Adenine, Ribose. 3 phosphate groups

Answer explanation

ATP consists of adenine, ribose (a sugar), and three phosphate groups. The other options incorrectly list deoxyribose or glucose, which are not components of ATP.