Unit 2A Review - Biology I

The table lists several amino acids and their elemental compositions.

Which organic molecules serve as raw materials for the synthesis of these amino acids?

• carbohydrates

• fatty acids

• nucleic acids

• vitamins

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6

A student claims that the sugars produced by plants during photosynthesis provide a carbon skeleton that interacts with other elements to form biomolecules like amino acids, lipids, and nucleic acids. Which statement should the student give in support of the claim?

• All biomolecules are made up of repeating monosaccharides.

• All biomolecules have nearly the same molecular structures and shapes.

• All biomolecules break down to release energy in the form of ATP.

• All biomolecules contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Which biomolecule corresponds with protein?

• A. W

• B. X

• C. Y

• D. Z

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

The diagram shows the conversion of glucose to other biomolecules to be utilized by plant cells. Based on the diagram, a student claims that sucrose, starch, cellulose, and lipids, like glucose, must only contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Which statement does the student give to support the claim?

• A. These compounds are found only in plant cells, while proteins and DNA are found in all cells.

• B. These compounds all consist of glucose subunits, while proteins use amino acids as a subunit.

• C. These compounds can be synthesized from only glucose, while the synthesis of DNA and protein requires the input of additional molecules.

• D. These compounds are all used to create organelles for new cells, while DNA is only used for cell division.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

The glucose produced by plants during photosynthesis has certain elements in common with other biomolecules present within the plants such as the amino acid glutamine and DNA. A student claims that the glucose produced by photosynthesis interacts with other elements and molecules to produce other biomolecules like glutamine and DNA. Which statement provides the best evidence in support of the student’s claim?

• Photosynthesis produces glucose in all plants.

• Nitrogen is a common element found in DNA and glutamine.

• A glucose molecule does not contain all the elements present in DNA.

• Glucose, glutamine, and DNA are composed of the same three primary elements.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Some individuals are unable to digest the lactose found in the milk of cows. The digestive systems of these individuals most likely lack which?

• a lipid that coats lactose molecules

• an ability to produce lactose internally

• an enzyme that catalyzes lactose breakdown

• a tolerance to lactose developed during childhood

The diagram shows the structural formula for starch. Which of the following explains why starch is a polymer?

• A. repetitive combination of simple subunits

• B. organic compound molecule

• C. high mobility as a result of its long length

• D. contains carbon-based functional groups

Which property of proteins best allows them to perform an enormously diverse range of functions?

• their large, chemical-energy reserve

• their large, stored-electric potential

• the complexity of their folded structure

• the wide variety of elements they include

The table below shows a sequence of activities during a cell process. Which type of macromolecule is the product of this process?

• DNA

• lipid

• protein

• carbohydrate

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

All metabolic functions fall into one of two categories: a breaking down process (catabolic) or a building up process (anabolic). Which is an example of an anabolic process?

• respiration

• protein synthesis

• oxygen transport

• carbohydrate digestion

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6