Topic 12: New Industry and a Changing Society

How did railroads provide for economic growth?

• Railroads provided thousands of people with a safe way to earn a good income.
• Railroads provided a source of employment for many people and supported multiple industries.
• Railroads provided an inexpensive means of transportation for small farmers.
• Railroads provided an easy way to move and resettle to a different location.

Which industries most benefited from the growth and expansion of the railroad system?

• steel, cotton, agriculture, and lumber
• coal, natural gas, iron, and cotton
• iron, steel, lumber, and coal
• coal, oil, agriculture, and steel

More people began moving farther west and into cities because railroads:

• became more efficient in transporting people and goods to more places.
• became more comfortable for people to travel to be with family.
• consolidated so people could travel on one rail line.
• made it easier for farmers to buy equipment, so many people moved west to farm.

How did larger railroad companies push smaller railroad companies out of business?

• Larger railroad companies consolidated before there were laws to stop them.
• Smaller railroad companies did not offer reduced rates to their biggest customers.
• Larger railroad companies offered reduced rates that caused smaller railroad companies to fail.
• Smaller railroad companies encouraged small businesses to ship with them.

What innovations in the late 1800s most helped the transportation of goods on railways?

• refrigerated railway cars and heated areas for passengers
• Janney car couplers and the Pullman sleeping cars
• standard gauge railroad tracks and steel instead of iron rails
• refrigerated railway cars and Janney car couplers

Which technologies or innovations made it safer and more comfortable for people to travel on railways?

• steel rails and the time zone system C.
• air brakes and Pullman cars
• Janney car couplers and steel rails
• standard gauge tracks and passenger cars

How did innovations in communication change society in the late 1800s?

• The telegraph and the telephone made communication across the country almost instant.
• The telephone made quick communication possible for nearly everyone by 1870.
• The telegraph made verbal communication possible for nearly everyone.
• Railroads made it possible for a letter to cross the country in one day.

Which invention in the late 1800s improved everyday life for people in their homes?

• the movie projector
• the assembly line
• the vacuum cleaner
• the typewriter

The Ford Model T changed travel in America because it was:

• easy for anyone to build, repair, and drive.
• affordable due to production assembly lines.
• made available to a select group of people.
• available in only one model and color.

How did mass production change industry in the early 1900s?

• It made working long hours in factories easier and more enjoyable.
• It made getting products to people faster and more efficient.
• It made it possible to make products quicker for more people.
• It made it possible for men and women to work shorter hours.