Which of the following best describes how the lymphatic system and immune system work together?

• They both produce red blood cells to carry oxygen.

• They transport and filter fluid, carrying white blood cells that detect and fight infections, and activate specific defenses to protect the body.

• They digest food and absorb nutrients.

• They regulate body temperature and blood pressure.

Which of the following is considered a physical barrier as a first line of defense against pathogens?

• Inflammation

• Skin and mucous membranes

• Fever

• Natural killer (NK) cells

Which process is a secondary line of defense that involves white blood cells engulfing and destroying pathogens?

• Chemical barriers

• Phagocytosis

• Cilia movement

• Enzyme secretion

What is microbiology?

• The study of large animals and their habitats

• The study of microscopic organisms and how they live, grow, and interact with their environment

• The study of human anatomy

• The study of plant photosynthesis

What does the term "normal flora" refer to?

• Harmful bacteria that cause disease

• Microorganisms that naturally live on and inside the human body without causing disease

• Viruses that infect plants

• Fungi that grow on food

Which of the following best defines aerobic microorganisms?

• Microbes that can live and grow without oxygen

• Microbes that require oxygen to survive

• Microbes that only live in water

• Microbes that cause chronic infections

Which statement accurately describes an acute infection?

• It develops slowly and lasts for months or years.

• It is a rapid-onset illness that develops quickly, shows clear symptoms, and lasts a short time.

• It remains inactive in the body and can reactivate later.

• It is caused by normal flora.

What is a latent infection?

• An infection that develops quickly and resolves rapidly

• An infection that persists for months or years

• An infection where the pathogen remains inactive and can reactivate later to cause symptoms

• An infection caused by aerobic microorganisms

Which of the following is NOT a secondary line of defense?

• Inflammation

• Fever

• Skin

• Natural killer (NK) cells

Which of the following is true about anaerobic microorganisms?

• They require oxygen to survive.

• They can live and grow without oxygen.

• They only exist in plants.

• They are always harmful to humans.