Hematology Study Guide - Multiple-Choice Questions

Which of the following is characteristic of mature cells circulating in the peripheral blood stream?

• They are capable of mitosis.

• They have a long life span.

• They are described as terminally differentiated.

• They are primarily located in the spleen.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are described as undifferentiated cells that give rise to all bone marrow cells. What is a key characteristic of HSCs regarding their self-renewal capacity?

• They have low self-renewal capacity.

• They give rise to daughter cells that are exact replicas of the parent cell, ensuring the population is sustained.

• They always commit to differentiation after one division.

• They are easily morphologically distinguishable.

The common myeloid progenitor (CMP) gives rise to which of the following committed progenitors?

• B cells and T cells

• NK cells

• Neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, erythrocytes, and megakaryocytes/platelets.

• Lymphoblasts

Which stage of erythroid maturation is the last stage capable of mitosis?

• Pronormoblast

• Basophilic normoblast

• Polychromatophilic normoblast

• Orthochromatic normoblast

The final step in the formation of Heme involves the chelation of iron with which component?

• Porphobilinogen

• Uroporphyrinogen

• Coproporphyrinogen

• Protoporphyrin IX ring.

Which of the following acquired nonfunctional hemoglobins results from Hgb being exposed to CO, causing a 200 times higher affinity for CO than O2?

• Methemoglobin

• Carboxyhemoglobin

• Sulfhemoglobin

• Oxyhemoglobin

When a person travels from sea level to high altitudes, which of the following adjustments in Hgb-O2 affinity is likely to occur?

• Decreased 2,3-BPG levels.

• Increased O2 affinity of hemoglobin.

• A left shift in the oxygen dissociation curve.

• Increased EPO and erythrocyte mass.

In normal extravascular hemolysis, what happens to the heme group after Hgb is broken down in macrophages?

• It is directly reutilized by RBC precursors.

• It is entirely excreted through the lungs as CO.

• Its porphyrin ring is cleaved, resulting in CO and biliverdin, which is then reduced to bilirubin.

• It binds to haptoglobin and is carried to the liver.

What is the primary function of the Hexose-monophosphate shunt in mature erythrocytes?

• To metabolize glucose for ATP.

• To protect hemoglobin from oxidation by keeping it in the reduced state.

• To control the amount of 2,3-BPG produced.

• To synthesize new lipids and proteins.

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for clearing free hemoglobin in the bloodstream during normal intravascular hemolysis?

• Albumin

• Hemopexin

• Haptoglobin

• Bilirubin