APUSH Unit 1.4 Quiz

Which of the following was the most significant factor that enabled Europeans to undertake long-distance ocean voyages in the 15th and 16th centuries?

• The creation of joint-stock companies

• Advances in maritime technology such as the caravel and astrolabe

• The decline of trans-Saharan trade routes

• The agricultural revolution in Europe

The Portuguese exploration of Africa and the Indian Ocean in the 15th century was primarily motivated by:

• The desire to spread Protestantism

• The search for new routes to Asia’s markets

• The discovery of gold in the Americas

• A need to escape the Ottoman conquest of Spain

The Spanish monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella supported Columbus’s voyage in 1492 largely because:

• They wanted to establish religious freedom in the Americas

• They sought to bypass Muslim-controlled trade routes to Asia

• They hoped to expand Protestant influence abroad

• They intended to establish permanent alliances with Native empires

Which of the following most directly resulted from the Columbian Exchange?

• European diets improved with the introduction of new crops like potatoes and maize

• Native populations increased due to exposure to European livestock

• Europeans abandoned plantation agriculture in the Caribbean

• Africans migrated voluntarily to the Americas in large numbers

A major religious motivation for European exploration and colonization during the 16th century was:

• The desire to convert Native peoples to Christianity

• The wish to learn Native American religious traditions

• The promotion of religious toleration in new colonies

• The attempt to avoid persecution by the Catholic Church

Which of the following best explains the significance of the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)?

• It divided newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal, reflecting early competition among European powers.

• It ended warfare between Spain and France over New World colonies.

• It established joint control of the Americas by Spain and England.

• It granted exclusive control of the Atlantic slave trade to Portugal.