Judicial Branch

Which article of the U.S. Constitution establishes the Judicial Branch?

• Article I

• Article II

• Article III

• Article IV

What is the process by which federal judges are appointed?

• Elected by the public

• Appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate

• Chosen by the Supreme Court

• Selected by state governors

Which of the following best describes the difference between judicial activism and judicial restraint?

• Judicial activism involves strict interpretation of the law, while judicial restraint involves making new laws.

• Judicial activism involves judges making bold policy decisions, while judicial restraint involves judges limiting their own power.

• Judicial activism is only used in criminal cases, while judicial restraint is used in civil cases.

• Judicial activism is when judges refuse to hear cases, while judicial restraint is when they hear every case.

Which branch of government is established by Article III of the U.S. Constitution?

• Legislative Branch

• Executive Branch

• Judicial Branch

• Military Branch

What power does Article III give Congress regarding the court system?

• The power to appoint judges

• The power to create lower courts

• The power to enforce laws

• The power to veto laws

According to Article III, what types of cases fall under judicial power?

• Only criminal cases

• Cases involving the Constitution, federal laws, and disputes involving states or foreign entities

• Only civil cases

• Only cases involving state laws

Why are federal judges given lifetime tenure according to Article III?

• To ensure they are always re-elected

• To protect their independence from political pressure

• To allow Congress to remove them easily

• To increase their salaries

How long do federal judges typically hold office?

• 4 years

• 10 years

• For life unless impeached for misconduct

• Until the next presidential election

What is the first level of the federal court system where federal cases begin?

• Supreme Court

• District Courts (Trial Courts)

• Appellate Courts

• State Courts

Which of the following is a role of the District Courts (Trial Courts) in the federal judiciary?

• Only handle appeals

• Handle civil and criminal cases with trials, witnesses, and evidence

• Make new laws

• Only review Supreme Court decisions