Module 2 Practice Test – Cardiovascular and Pharmacology

Beta-blockers with ISA are sometimes prescribed. What is the main characteristic of these drugs?

• They only block alpha receptors

• They block beta receptors but partially stimulate them

• They increase heart rate significantly

• They are not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract

• They act as diuretics

Which of the following is a potential advantage of beta-blockers with ISA?

• Reduced fatigue during exercise

• Complete prevention of hypertension

• Improved bronchodilation

• Increased CNS stimulation

• Enhanced renal sodium retention

Which is a disadvantage of beta-blockers with ISA?

• May blunt maximal heart rate

• Can cause excessive vasodilation

• Leads to calcium buildup in bones

• Reduces kidney filtration rate

• Induces asthma attacks

ADHD is commonly treated with CNS stimulants. Why is this considered paradoxical?

• Stimulants increase blood pressure instead of lowering it

• ADHD patients are already hyperactive, yet stimulants calm them

• CNS stimulants always reduce focus in ADHD

• They cause permanent sleep disturbances

• Stimulants lower heart rate drastically

How might exercise help children with ADHD?

• Improves attention and executive function

• Reduces oxygen delivery to the brain

• Increases impulsive behaviors

• Inhibits dopamine release

• Has no effect on symptoms

ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure primarily by:

• Increasing heart rate

• Blocking angiotensin II formation

• Stimulating norepinephrine release

• Increasing sodium retention

• Constricting blood vessels

Why do stimulants like amphetamine and cocaine, as well as exercise, significantly affect blood pressure?

• They increase parasympathetic tone

• They enhance sympathetic nervous system activity

• They act as diuretics

• They reduce blood volume

• They lower calcium in muscle cells

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Bill, 50, deconditioned with hypertension, wants to lose weight safely. Which exercise prescription is most appropriate?

• High-intensity interval training (HIIT) every day

• Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise 30–60 min, 5 days/week

• Maximal resistance training with heavy weights

• Only flexibility and stretching exercises

• Competitive sprinting 6 days/week

What effect do beta-blockers have on exercise physiology?

• Increase maximal heart rate and cardiac output

• Reduce heart rate and cardiac output

• Increase respiratory rate

• Enhance muscular strength directly

• None; beta-blockers have no effect on exercise

Diuretics can contribute to over-heating during exercise because:

• They increase blood volume

• They decrease sweating and promote dehydration

• They raise skin temperature

• They increase fat metabolism

• They block sympathetic nerve activity

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3