Scientific Pointers Quiz

The combination of β-blocker with ACEI/ARB in systemic hypertension is especially beneficial in patients with:

• Ischemic heart disease and ventricular dilatation

• Atrial fibrillation

• Ventricular dilatation and heart failure

• All of the above

Treatment with ACE inhibitors or ARBs may lead to:

• Decreased renin activity

• Renin upregulation

• Sympathetic suppression

• Sodium overload

Concomitant use of a β-blocker with RAAS blockade prevents:

• Hypokalemia

• Renin upregulation

• Hypoglycemia

• Reflex bradycardia

By how much do β-blockers prevent the reactive increase of renin when combined with ACE inhibitors or diuretics?

• 1-fold

• 2-fold

• 3-fold

• No effect

The combined use of β-blocker and ARB provides:

• Pure vasodilation

• Comprehensive neuroendocrine blockade

• Only HR reduction

• Reflex tachycardia

In patients with hypertension caused by sympathetic overdrive, optimal control requires:

• ACE inhibitor only

• Calcium channel blocker only

• A β-blocker component

• Diuretic monotherapy

A selective β1-blocker has which advantage over non-selective β-blockers?

• More bronchospasm

• Preserves β2-mediated vasodilation

• Blocks β2 activity in skeletal muscles

• Increases peripheral vascular resistance

β1-blockers inhibit sympathetic activity primarily in:

• Brain and liver

• Heart and kidney

• Lung and muscle

• Pancreas and thyroid

Overactivity of SNS is strongly associated with:

• Dyslipidemia

• Diabetes

• Hypertension and obesity

• All of the above

Sympathetic overactivity contributes to:

• LVH

• Coronary atherosclerosis

• Insulin resistance

• All of the above