Statistics and Probability Concepts

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Frequency

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The number of times an event or a value occurs.

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Frequency table

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A table that lists items and shows the number of times the items occur.

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Histogram

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A graphical representation of the distribution of numerical data.

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Cumulative Frequency Table

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A table that shows the cumulative totals of frequencies.

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Measures of central tendency

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Statistics that describe the center of a data set; includes mean, median, and mode.

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Outlier

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A data point that is distinctly separate from the rest of the data.

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Mean

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The average of a set of numbers.

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Median

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The middle value in a list of numbers.

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Mode

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The value that appears most frequently in a data set.

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Measure of Dispersion

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Statistics that describe the spread of data; includes range, variance, and standard deviation.