1.1 Foundations of Law Vocabulary Quiz

Consent of the governed

• The authority of government comes from the people.

• Government authority is derived from military power.

• The government is established by a single ruler.

• Citizens have no role in government decisions.

What was the main purpose of the Justinian Code?

• To organize and simplify Roman laws

• To create new laws for the Byzantine Empire

• To abolish all previous Roman laws

• To establish a system of taxation

What best describes "individual rights"?

• Rights that belong to each person naturally

• Rights granted by the government

• Rights that can be taken away

• Rights that apply only to certain groups

How did John Locke’s theory of natural rights challenge the traditional authority of monarchs?

• By asserting that monarchs have absolute power over their subjects

• By claiming that people have rights independent of government

• By promoting the idea that government should be based on divine right

• By suggesting that the authority of monarchs is unquestionable

What is the primary focus of civil law systems?

• Codified statutes and laws

• Judicial precedents

• Customary practices

• International treaties

Which English legal scholar wrote extensively about the common law?

• William Blackstone

• Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.

• H.L.A. Hart

• Ronald Dworkin

Why is the concept of "separation of powers" important in a government?

• It allows for a more efficient government.

• It prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful.

• It ensures that all citizens have equal rights.

• It promotes the idea of a single leader.

Evaluate the impact of the Magna Carta on the development of constitutional law.

• It established principles like due process and limited government, influencing later constitutions.

• It abolished the monarchy and established a republic in England.

• It had no significant impact on legal systems outside of England.

• It was primarily a document focused on trade agreements between barons.

Compare the main features of common law and civil law systems.

• Common law relies on judicial precedent; civil law relies on written codes.

• Common law is based on statutes; civil law is based on judicial decisions.

• Common law is more flexible than civil law; civil law is more rigid.

• Common law is used in all countries; civil law is used only in Europe.

What is the main difference between common law and civil law systems?

• Common law is based on judicial decisions; civil law is based on written codes.

• Common law is based on written codes; civil law is based on judicial decisions.

• Common law is based on statutes; civil law is based on precedents.

• Common law is more flexible; civil law is more rigid.