Digestive System Functions and Structures

What is the correct order of organs food passes through after being chewed in the mouth?

• Esophagus

• Duodenum

• Jejunum

• Ileum

• Stomach

Which part of the small intestine is responsible for the majority of digestion?

• Jejunum

• Ileum

• Duodenum

• Colon

Where does most nutrient absorption occur in the digestive tract?

• Stomach

• Jejunum

• Ileum

• Duodenum

Which of the following vitamins are primarily absorbed in the ileum?

• Vitamin C and B6

• Vitamin B12 and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K)

• Vitamin B1 and B2

• Vitamin K and C

What are the finger-like projections on the wall of the small intestine that increase its surface area for digestion and absorption?

• Metacarpals

• Villi and microvilli

• Cilia and Charybdis

• Mucosa

What is the primary function of the brush border in the duodenum?

• To produce bile for fat digestion.

• To increase the surface area for digestion and absorption.

• To store undigested food particles.

• To regulate blood sugar levels.

What is the ultimate goal of breaking down large macromolecules like proteins and carbohydrates during digestion?

• To increase their size for easier transport.

• To convert them into indigestible fiber.

• To break them into smaller units that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.

• To store them in the stomach for later use.

Why might a person temporarily experience lactose intolerance after a stomach bug?

• The stomach bug increases the production of lactase.

• The stomach bug causes inflammation that can damage lactase enzymes on the duodenal wall.

• The stomach bug introduces new bacteria that consume lactose.

• The stomach bug changes the pH of the stomach, deactivating lactase.

What are the three main components that make up a nucleotide?

• Amino acid, fatty acid, glucose

• Phosphate, ribose sugar, base

• Glycerol, fatty acid, amino acid

• Simple sugar, complex sugar, starch

What substance helps organize fats for digestion and where is it produced?

• Lipase; Pancreas

• Bile; Liver and Gallbladder

• Amylase; Pancreas

• Peptidase; Brush border