Genetics Basics for Grade 5

What is the basic unit of heredity?

• protein

• DNA

• gene

• chromosome

What do we call the physical appearance of an organism?

• Phenotype

• Species

• Genotype

• Habitat

What is the term for the genetic makeup of an organism?

• Allele

• Chromosome

• Phenotype

• Genotype

How are traits passed from parents to offspring?

• Traits are randomly assigned without genetic influence.

• Offspring inherit traits solely from the mother.

• Traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes inherited from both parents.

• Traits are passed through environmental factors only.

What is a dominant trait?

• A dominant trait is a genetic trait that is expressed when at least one dominant allele is present.

• A dominant trait is only expressed when two dominant alleles are present.

• A dominant trait is a trait that cannot be inherited.

• A dominant trait is always visible in the phenotype regardless of other traits.

What is a recessive trait?

• A recessive trait is always dominant over other traits.

• A recessive trait can be seen in the phenotype regardless of allele combination.

• A recessive trait is a genetic trait that is only expressed when two recessive alleles are present.

• A recessive trait is expressed with only one allele present.

What is the role of DNA in genetics?

• DNA is responsible for energy production in cells.

• DNA is the molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known living organisms.

• DNA is a type of protein that helps in cell division.

• DNA is the primary source of nutrients for organisms.

What is a Punnett square used for?

• To analyze soil composition

• To calculate the height of plants

• To determine the color of flowers

• A Punnett square is used to predict genetic variations in offspring from parental genotypes.

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

• Genotype is the genetic constitution, while phenotype is the expressed traits.

• Genotype is the environment's influence, while phenotype is the inherited traits.

• Genotype is the observable characteristics, while phenotype is the underlying DNA.

• Genotype refers to the physical appearance, while phenotype is the genetic makeup.

What is an example of a trait that is influenced by multiple genes?

• Blood type

• Eye color

• Skin tone

• Height