Unit 1.4 Flow of Matter

What is an example of a decomposer?

• Plum
• Mushroom
• Deer
• Bird

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This image is an example of what type of land degradation

• Desertification

• Deforestation

• Urban Sprawl

• Urbanization

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Global warming has been linked to a decrease in 

• the size of the polar ice caps 
• the temperature of Earth 
• the rate of species extinction 
• the rate of carbon dioxide production

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Which human activity is correctly paired with its likely future consequence?

• overfishing in the Atlantic — increase in supply of flounder and salmon as food for people 
• development of electric cars or hybrid vehicles — increased rate of global warming 
• use of fossil fuels — depletion of underground coal, oil, and natural gas supplies 
• genetically engineering animals — less food available to feed the world’s population

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Deforestation of areas considered to be rich sources of genetic material could limit future agricultural and medical advances due to

• the maintenance of dynamic equilibrium 
• the loss of biodiversity 
• an increase in the ecosystem’s carrying capacity
• the depletion of the ozone layer

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Humans often change ecosystems as a result of population growth, consumption, and technology. Which of the following exemplifies a way in which humans modify ecosystems? 

• factory and automotive emissions causing acid rain 
• redirecting and storing freshwater behind dams 
• cutting down trees to build new buildings and roads 
• all of these

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What is the role of decomposers in the ecosystem?

• They produce energy through photosynthesis.

• They break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients.

• They compete with plants for sunlight.

• They are the primary consumers in the food chain.

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What is the role of producers in an ecosystem?

• Producers convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

• Producers consume other organisms for energy.

• Producers decompose organic matter into nutrients.

• Producers regulate the population of consumers.

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What are autotrophs?

• Organisms that produce their own food using sunlight or chemical energy.

• Organisms that consume other organisms for energy.

• Organisms that decompose organic material for nutrients.

• Organisms that rely on external sources for food.

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Which process in the water cycle involves water changing from a liquid to a gas?

• Condensation

• Evaporation

• Precipitation

• Infiltration

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