Choose the correct statement related to the constructors.

Constructor is a block of codes similar to the method. It is called when an instance of the class is created

Constructor is a special type of method that is used to initialize default members of the object only

Constructor is an abstract method with an empty body

Constructor is a method that does not allow parameters

Which of the following is an example of encapsulation in Java?

Creating a private field and providing public getter and setter methods

Creating a public field and directly accessing it from other classes

Creating a protected field and accessing it from subclasses only

Creating a default (no modifier) field and accessing it from the same package

Which of the following statements is true about superclass and subclass relationships in Java?

A subclass constructor must always call the superclass constructor explicitly.

A superclass reference can be used to directly access subclass-specific methods.

A subclass can access private members of its superclass.

A subclass can override a private method in its superclass.

A superclass can extend multiple subclasses simultaneously.

Which method is called first when an object of a subclass is created in Java?

The constructor of the superclass

The constructor of the subclass

Which of the following is/are advantages of packages?

Classes, even though they are visible outside their package, can have fields visible to packages only

We can have hidden classes that are used by the packages, but not visible outside.

Consider a superclass with a private method and a subclass that attempts to override it. What happens in terms of method overriding and access control?

The private method cannot be overridden in the subclass.

The subclass can override the private method, but only if it is declared as "static" in the superclass.

The subclass can override the private method, but only if it is declared as "public" in the superclass.

The subclass can successfully override the private method.

The subclass can override the private method, but only if it is declared as "protected" in the superclass.

What is method overriding in Java?

Re-implementing a method in the subclass with the same signature as in the superclass

Creating multiple methods with the same name but different parameters

Calling a method from another method

Re-implementing another method in the same class with the same signature

What is the output of the following Java program? abstract class A { private int a, b; public void call(int a, int b) { this.a = a; this.b = b; System.out.println(a + b); } } public class Main { public static void main(String args[]) { A m = new A() {}; m.call(12, 25); } }

Compiler error at statement A m = new A() {};

What is the difference between composition and inheritance in Java?

Composition is a way to create objects by combining existing objects, while inheritance is a way to reuse code

Composition is a way to create objects dynamically, while inheritance is a way to reuse code

Composition is a way to create objects statically, while inheritance is a way to create objects dynamically

Composition is a way to reuse code, while inheritance is a way to create objects dynamically

Given the following code snippet: float[] arr = new float[100]; //Line 1 arr[0]=3.4; //Line 2 Choose the correct statement.

3.4 is a double type by default so we need to explicitly cast it to float

3.4 is a float type by default so we don't need to explicitly cast it to float

There is no problem with these code lines

Line 1 will throw the indexOutOfBound exception

What is the output following code snippet: int sum=0; for(int i=0;i

The program will raise an exception.

You are working on an application that simulates a deck of playing cards. Explain how you would use Java collections to represent the deck, ensuring that cards are efficiently shuffled, drawn, and replaced. Discuss the choice of collection type and any considerations for card removal and addition.

Utilize an ArrayList<Card> for easy manipulation and shuffling.

Design a custom Deck class with a circular linked list for efficient cycling.

Use a HashSet<Card> for unique card storage.

Implement a TreeSet<Card> for sorted card ordering.

Choose a Priority Queue<Card> for card prioritization based on rank.

Choose correct answer about anonymous class?

A class that is defined without a name and can be instantiated only once

The purpose of using an anonymous class is to provide a way to implement an interface or extend a class without explicitly defining a named class.

An anonymous class is created using the "new" keyword followed by the name of the interface or class being implemented or extended.

Anonymous classes are like local classes except that they do not have a name.

What is the main difference between HashSet and TreeSet?

HashSet uses a hash table; TreeSet uses a balanced tree.

HashSet allows duplicate elements; TreeSet does not.

HashSet sorts elements based on natural ordering; TreeSet does not.

HashSet allows null elements; TreeSet does not.

You are developing a contact management system, and you need to quickly find a contact by their phone number. Explain how you would use Java collections to efficiently search for a contact based on a specific criterion.

Use a HashMap with phone numbers as keys for O(1) lookup.

Implement a custom trie data structure for optimized searching.

Choose a HashSet for efficient phone number-based searching.

Implement a linear search through the list of contacts.

Utilize Collections.binarySearch() with a sorted list.

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