Cell Biology Review

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?

• To synthesize proteins.

• To store genetic information.

• To produce energy for the cell.

• To transport materials within the cell.

What is a characteristic shared by both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

• Ribosomes

• Chloroplasts

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

• To store genetic material and control cellular activities.

• To produce energy for the cell.

• To synthesize proteins for cellular functions.

• To regulate the cell's water balance.

What is osmosis?

• The movement of solutes across a membrane.

• The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

• The active transport of ions against a concentration gradient.

• The process of cell division in eukaryotic cells.

Define facilitated diffusion.

• Movement of molecules across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration with the help of transport proteins.

• The process of molecules moving freely across the cell membrane without any assistance.

• The active transport of molecules against their concentration gradient using energy.

• The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane.

What is the role of enzymes in cellular processes?

• To speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

• To provide energy for cellular processes.

• To act as a structural component of cells.

• To transport molecules across the cell membrane.

What are the two main types of cells?

• Eukaryotic and prokaryotic.

• Animal and plant cells.

• Stem and differentiated cells.

• Bacterial and viral cells.

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

• Passive transport requires energy, while active transport does not require energy.

• Passive transport moves substances against their concentration gradient, while active transport moves them with it.

• Passive transport does not require energy, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

• Passive transport is faster than active transport.

What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

• Endocytosis is the process of taking substances into the cell, while exocytosis is the process of expelling substances from the cell.

• Endocytosis is the process of expelling substances from the cell, while exocytosis is the process of taking substances into the cell.

• Endocytosis and exocytosis are both processes that take substances into the cell.

• Endocytosis is a type of cellular respiration, while exocytosis is a type of cellular division.

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

• The cell will lose water and shrink.

• The cell will gain water and swell.

• The cell will remain the same size.

• The cell will divide into two smaller cells.