Thyroid Disease and Cancer

What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in elderly patients in iodine-sufficient areas?

• Graves disease

• Toxic adenoma

• Toxic multinodular goiter

• Hashitoxicosis

Which antibody is diagnostic for Graves disease?

• Anti-thyroglobulin

• Anti-TPO

• TSH receptor antibody (TRAb)

• Anti-TSH hormone

What skin finding is associated with Graves disease?

• Xanthomas

• Pretibial myxedema

• Acanthosis nigricans

• Livedo reticularis

What drug class provides rapid symptom relief in hyperthyroidism?

• Thionamides

• Beta-blockers

• Calcium channel blockers

• Corticosteroids

What FDA-approved monoclonal antibody can be used for severe Graves orbitopathy?

• Rituximab

• Teprotumumab

• Adalimumab

• Infliximab

Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of thyroid storm?

• Fever

• Altered mental status

• Bradycardia

• Tachycardia

Why is iodine (SSKI) administered after thionamides in thyroid storm?

• To block iodine absorption

• To prevent paradoxical increase in hormone release

• To enhance TSH secretion

• To reduce beta-blocker metabolism

What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the United States?

• Iodine deficiency

• Hashimoto thyroiditis

• Thyroidectomy

• Pituitary adenoma

What is the standard starting dose of levothyroxine in a young, healthy adult?

• 0.5 mcg/kg

• 1.0 mcg/kg

• 1.6 mcg/kg

• 2.5 mcg/kg

Which lab test is unreliable in central (secondary) hypothyroidism?

• Free T4

• TSH

• Thyroglobulin

• Anti-TPO