Logic and Abstract Reasoning SciHigh

In logic, what does “truth value” refer to?

• Whether a statement is interesting

• Whether a statement is true or false

• How many facts a statement contains

• Whether a statement is mathematical

Which principle states that a statement can only be true or false, not both?

• Law of Syllogism

• Law of Contradiction

• Law of Excluded Middle

• Law of Rotation

Which of the following is a categorical syllogism?

• All cats are sleepy. Mina has a cat. Mina’s cat is sleepy.

• All birds can fly. Penguins are birds. Penguins can fly.

• Either the cake is chocolate or vanilla. It’s not vanilla, so it’s chocolate.

• The heart is part of the digestive system.

In a disjunctive syllogism, if “Either A or B is true” and A is false, what can we conclude?

• A is true

• B is true

• Neither is true

• Both are true

In an abstract reasoning “Complete the Series” question, what is the first step?

• Guess the next figure

• Identify the governing pattern

• Count the number of shapes

• Check the colors only

Which abstract reasoning pattern involves flipping an image horizontally or vertically?

• Combination

• Rotation

• 
  Movement

• Reflection

Which pattern involves shapes changing position in a set way?

• Letters

• Rotation

• Movement

• Combination

In an “Odd One Out” question, how do you find the answer?

• Pick the figure that breaks the pattern

• Choose the most colorful figure

• Select the one with the most shapes

• Pick the one in the middle

Which example shows a disjunctive syllogism?

• The cookies are either sweet or salty. The cookies are not salty. The cookies are sweet.

• All mammals are warm-blooded. Dolphins are mammals. Dolphins are warm-blooded.

• The heart is an organ.

• All myths are untrue.

Which is NOT a common pattern in abstract reasoning?

• Rotation

• Increasing/Decreasing pattern

• Random guessing

• Letters