Exploration and Colonization Vocabulary

The economic system of __________ made colonies exist to benefit the wealth of the mother country.

• Mercantilism
• Cash crop
• Plantation system
• Triangular Trade

Answer explanation

Mercantilism is correct because it's an economic system where colonies exist to benefit the mother country. 'Cash crop' refers to what colonies grow, not the system. 'Plantation system' describes large farms. 'Triangular Trade' is a trade route, not an economic policy.

A __________ is a settlement ruled by a distant country, like England controlling the 13 colonies.

• Colony
• Charter
• Jamestown
• New England Colonies

Answer explanation

Colony is correct because it's a settlement ruled by another country. 'Charter' is a permission slip to start a colony. 'Jamestown' is a specific colony, not a general term. 'New England Colonies' is a region, not the definition of a colony.

The system of __________ involved trading goods, enslaved Africans, and raw materials between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

• Triangular Trade
• Middle Passage
• Transatlantic Slave Trade
• Mercantilism

Answer explanation

Triangular Trade is correct because it involved trading goods, enslaved people, and materials between three regions. 'Middle Passage' is one part of the trade. 'Transatlantic Slave Trade' focuses only on the slave trade. 'Mercantilism' is a broader economic policy.

The __________ was the brutal ocean journey enslaved Africans were forced to endure on the way to the Americas.

• Middle Passage
• Triangular Trade
• Transatlantic Slave Trade
• Plantation system

Answer explanation

Middle Passage is correct because it refers to the harsh journey of enslaved Africans. 'Triangular Trade' refers to the whole system. 'Transatlantic Slave Trade' is the larger process. 'Plantation system' refers to where the enslaved people worked, not the journey.

__________, founded in 1607, was the first permanent English settlement in North America.

• Jamestown
• Plymouth
• Virginia
• House of Burgesses

Answer explanation

Jamestown is correct as the first permanent English settlement in 1607. 'Plymouth' was founded later by Pilgrims. 'Virginia' is the colony where Jamestown was located. 'House of Burgesses' is the government, not the settlement.

The __________ was the first elected assembly in the English colonies and gave colonists a voice in government.

• House of Burgesses
• Mayflower Compact
• Joint-stock company
• Charter

Answer explanation

House of Burgesses is correct because it was the first elected legislature. 'Mayflower Compact' was a self-rule agreement. 'Joint-stock company' funded colonies but didn't govern. 'Charter' is permission to start a colony.

The __________ was a self-government agreement signed by the Pilgrims in 1620 before settling in Plymouth.

• Mayflower Compact
• House of Burgesses
• Joint-stock company
• Charter

Answer explanation

Mayflower Compact is correct as a self-government agreement by the Pilgrims. 'House of Burgesses' was in Virginia. 'Joint-stock company' funded colonies, not laws. 'Charter' is permission, not a governing agreement.

The __________ were English settlers who left England seeking religious freedom and founded Plymouth Colony.

• Pilgrims
• Puritans
• Quakers
• Indentured servant

Answer explanation

Pilgrims is correct because they founded Plymouth for religious freedom. 'Puritans' wanted to purify the church but were not separatists. 'Quakers' settled Pennsylvania. 'Indentured servant' refers to laborers, not religious settlers.

The __________ wanted to purify the Church of England and settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

• Puritans
• Pilgrims
• Quakers
• Jamestown

Answer explanation

Puritans is correct because they wanted to reform the Church of England. 'Pilgrims' were separatists. 'Quakers' were more tolerant. 'Jamestown' was an economic venture, not a religious settlement.

The __________ believed in peace and equality and settled mainly in Pennsylvania under William Penn.

• Quakers
• Puritans
• Pilgrims
• Indentured servant

Answer explanation

Quakers is correct because they were peaceful and believed in equality. 'Puritans' were strict. 'Pilgrims' were separatists. 'Indentured servant' refers to a labor system.