Grade 9 Science Exam

During a physical examination, a doctor uses a stethoscope to listen to a patient's chest. The patient is instructed to inhale deeply. The doctor observes that the patient's diaphragm is contracting and moving downward. What process is the doctor observing?

• Expiration

• Internal respiration

• Inspiration

• Cellular respiration

A patient is experiencing difficulty breathing due to a severe allergic reaction. The doctor notes that the patient's airways are narrowing and are obstructed by mucus. This description aligns with which respiratory condition?

• Bronchitis

• Emphysema

• Asthma

• Pneumonia

A scientist is studying the respiratory system and observes a flap-like tissue that closes off the trachea when a person swallows. The scientist notes that this structure is vital for preventing food or liquids from entering the lungs. What is this structure called?

• Larynx

• Epiglottis

• Pharynx

• Vocal cords

A patient suffers a traumatic injury to the windpipe, which is made of cartilage. This injury affects the tube that branches into two smaller tubes leading to the lungs. What specific part of the respiratory system is damaged?

• Pharynx

• Larynx

• Trachea

• Bronchioles

A person is speaking, and their vocal cords are vibrating as air passes through them, producing sound. Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for this function?

• Trachea

• Pharynx

• Larynx

• Bronchi

A doctor is explaining the process of gas exchange to a medical student. The doctor explains that the actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air occurs in the small air sacs at the end of the bronchioles. What are these small sacs called?

• Alveoli

• Bronchi

• Trachea

• Cilia

A patient with a history of heart disease is experiencing shortness of breath. The doctor explains that the patient's condition affects the transport of oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells and the collection of carbon dioxide. What event of respiration is being impacted?

• Breathing (Ventilation)

• External Respiration

• Transport of Oxygen

• Internal Respiration

An individual is running a marathon. Their body converts sugar in the presence of oxygen to produce energy for their cells. This process is a key part of which event of respiration?

• Breathing

• External Respiration

• Internal Respiration

• Use of Oxygen

A doctor is explaining a heart condition to a patient. The doctor mentions that one of the patient's heart chambers, responsible for pumping blood to the lungs for oxygenation, is not working correctly. Which chamber is the doctor referring to?

• Left atrium

• Left ventricle

• Right atrium

• Right ventricle

During a check-up, a patient is told that they have a condition where deoxygenated blood is flowing back into their right atrium after being pumped to the right ventricle. This suggests a problem with which heart valve?

• Tricuspid valve

• Pulmonary valve

• Mitral valve

• Bicuspid valve