Atoms & The Periodic Table

Atomic Number

• The number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

• The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity.

• The total number of electrons in an atom.

• The mass of an atom measured in atomic mass units.

Protons

• Negatively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Positively charged particles found in the electron cloud.

Isotopes

• Atoms of different elements with the same number of protons.

• Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

• Atoms that have the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons.

• Atoms of the same element with different atomic masses but the same number of electrons.

Metals

• Elements that are typically shiny, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity.

• Elements that are usually dull, brittle, and poor conductors of heat and electricity.

• Elements that are gaseous at room temperature and have low density.

• Elements that are typically found in liquid form at room temperature.

Valence Electrons

• Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in forming bonds.

• Electrons that are found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Electrons that are responsible for the mass of an atom.

• Electrons that are always paired with protons.

Halogens

• A group of highly reactive nonmetals in the periodic table, known for forming salts when combined with metals.

• A category of noble gases that are inert and do not react with other elements.

• A series of metals that are known for their high conductivity and malleability.

• A group of alkaline earth metals that are essential for biological functions.

Lanthanides

• A group of elements known for their high reactivity and metallic properties.

• A series of elements in the periodic table, from lanthanum to lutetium, known for their rare earth properties and similar chemical behavior.

• A collection of nonmetals found in the periodic table.

• A set of transition metals that are commonly used in construction.

Luster

• The shine or glow of a material, often used to describe the appearance of metals.

• A type of fabric used in clothing.

• A measurement of weight in gemstones.

• A term used to describe the roughness of a surface.

Neutrons

• Subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom, having no electric charge.

• Subatomic particles that have a positive charge and are found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom and have a negative charge.

• Particles that are found outside the nucleus and have no charge.

Alkali Metals

• A group of elements in the periodic table known for being highly reactive, especially with water.

• A category of metals that are non-reactive and found in the noble gases.

• Elements that are liquid at room temperature and are used in thermometers.

• A group of elements that are good conductors of electricity and heat.