Neuroanatomy Multiple-Choice Exam

What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?

• Glial cell

• Neuron

• Synapse

• Axon

Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for balance and coordination of voluntary movements?

• Cerebrum

• Midbrain

• Cerebellum

• Pons

What is the outermost, tough, and durable protective layer of the brain?

• Arachnoid mater

• Pia mater

• Dura mater

• Epidermis

Which part of the nervous system controls involuntary actions such as heartbeat and digestion?

• Somatic Nervous System

• Central Nervous System

• Autonomic Nervous System

• Motor Nervous System

Which type of neuron carries sensory information from the body to the Central Nervous System?

• Motor neuron

• Interneuron

• Sensory neuron

• Cortical neuron

Which neuroglial cell is responsible for producing the myelin sheath in the Central Nervous System?

• Astrocyte

• Microglia

• Ependymal cell

• Oligodendrocyte

A patient presents with spastic paralysis and hyperreflexia. This damage is most likely to have occurred in which of the following?

• Lower Motor Neurons (LMN)

• Upper Motor Neurons (UMN)

• Interneurons

• Sensory Neurons

Which of the following brain structures is correctly matched with its primary function?

• Cerebellum: Vital autonomic functions like breathing and heart rate

• Thalamus: Controls hunger, thirst, and body temperature

• Medulla Oblongata: Coordinates voluntary movements and balance

• Hypothalamus: Regulates the pituitary gland and maintains homeostasis

The corpus callosum is an example of which type of white fiber?

• Association fibers

• Projection fibers

• Commissural fibers

• Both A and C

Damage to the arcuate fasiculus would most likely result in which type of disorder?

• Wernicke's aphasia

• Broca's aphasia

• Conduction aphasia

• Global aphasia