Cycles of Matter Practice

What is a biogeochemical cycle?

• A biogeochemical cycle is the process by which elements are recycled within and among ecosystems, involving the biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.

• A biogeochemical cycle is the process by which energy is created from sunlight in plants.

• A biogeochemical cycle is the movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere and back again.

• A biogeochemical cycle is the process by which rocks are formed from magma.

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Which of the following are essential nutrients required by living cells?

• Oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

• Iron, copper, zinc, magnesium

• Sodium, chlorine, calcium, sulfur

• Gold, silver, platinum, mercury

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Organisms can manufacture essential elements like oxygen and nitrogen and never get 'used up.'

• True

• False

What powers biogeochemical cycles in ecosystems?

• The flow of energy powers biogeochemical cycles in ecosystems.

• The gravitational pull of the moon powers biogeochemical cycles in ecosystems.

• The rotation of the Earth powers biogeochemical cycles in ecosystems.

• The movement of tectonic plates powers biogeochemical cycles in ecosystems.

Match the following terms with their definitions:

• A nutrient that limits the growth of organisms when in short supply

• Denitrification

• A storage location for carbon

• Nitrogen fixation

• A substance required for the growth of organisms

• Carbon reservoir

• A process that releases nitrogen gas back into the atmosphere

• Limiting nutrient

• A process that converts nitrogen gas into usable forms for plants

• Nutrient

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What does the water powering the mill represent in the analogy of cycles of matter?

• The water powering the mill represents the one-way flow of energy through the biosphere.

• The water powering the mill represents the recycling of nutrients in the biosphere.

• The water powering the mill represents the process of photosynthesis in plants.

• The water powering the mill represents the movement of organisms in an ecosystem.

What are Biological Processes?

• Activities performed by living organisms, such as photosynthesis, eating, respiration, and eliminating waste products

• Volcanic eruptions and rock formation

• Cloud formation and precipitation

• Human activities like burning fossil fuels

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Which of the following is an example of a Geological Process?

• Photosynthesis

• Volcanic eruption

• Cloud formation

• Burning fossil fuels

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Physical and chemical processes include ________, the flow of running water, and the action of lightning.

• cloud formation and precipitation

• photosynthesis and respiration

• soil erosion and deposition

• animal migration and hibernation

Human activities can change system processes in the four spheres leading to measurable changes in the Earth system.

• True

• False