12PE - Training Principles

Physiological symptoms of overtraining may include

• decreased concentration, coordination, and sensitivity to emotional stress.

• decreased coordination, strength performance in power testing and increased morning resting heart rate.

• increased chronic muscle soreness and irritability.

• insomnia and decreased motivation levels.

The graph shows the percentage of improvement on an agility test over seven weeks. Which training principle is shown in the graph?

• progression

• reversibility

• diminishing returns

• individuality

Following an athlete’s competitive phase, they will be prescribed a training program by their fitness coaches. This training program is likely to contain less volume than the training program the athlete follows during their competitive phase, but it is of similar intensity. Which one of the following training principles best relates to the information above?

• diminishing returns

• maintenance

• individuality

• variety

‘The rate of fitness gains will decrease as an athlete gets closer to their genetic potential.’ Which training principle does this statement refer to?

• detraining

• progression

• overtraining

• diminishing returns

To maintain aerobic power, an athlete should train

• once a week.

• twice a week.

• below 60% of their maximum heart rate.

• above 85% of their maximum heart rate.

The estimated maximum heart rate of a 50-year-old athlete would be

• 150 bpm.

• 170 bpm.

• 190 bpm.

• 220 bpm.

Progressing an interval training session, while maintaining specificity, is best achieved by

• increasing the number of sets or repetitions.

• decreasing the rest between repetitions.

• increasing the work time of each interval.

• increasing the intensity of the work intervals.

Georgina has been a member of the school's cross-country team, which has been training three times per week, for the past four months. During a physical education class, Georgina reached level 7.2 in the 20-metre shuttle run test while her friend, Paige reached level 6.1. Paige has never been involved in running and was invited to participate in cross-country training. Three months later, they both did a post-test where Georgina reached 7.5, but she was surprised that Paige reached 7.8 after only three months of training. The training principle that best explains this situation is

• reversibility.

• detraining.

• diminishing returns.

• progression.

A chronic lack of motivation towards a training program could be attributed to the principle of:

• detraining.

• frequency.

• variety.

• maintenance.

Which of the following best describes the FITT principle for maintaining acquired fitness levels?

• Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type of exercise

• Flexibility, Intensity, Type of exercise, Technique

• Frequency, Intensity, Time, Training equipment

• Frequency, Intermittent, Type of exercise, Target heart rate