Quiz about NYS Living Environment Regents Practice 6/2025

Question 1

Which of these components are found in all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

cytoplasm and ATP

Answer

estrogen and testosterone

Answer

insulin and water

Answer

chlorophyll and hemoglobin

Question 2

Two types of molecules directly involved in cellular communication are

Accepted Answer

hormones and nerve cell chemicals

Answer

fats and carbohydrates

Answer

ATP and carbon dioxide

Answer

glucose and oxygen

Question 3

The role of the mountain lion in this ecosystem is an example of the concept that

Accepted Answer

populations are linked with many others in a stable ecosystem

Answer

ecosystems require a large number of predators to increase the number of prey

Answer

large animals waste food, resulting in harm to other organisms in the ecosystem

Answer

predators should consume small prey to protect the diversity of the ecosystem

Question 4

Mutations are an important part of evolution. One reason for this is that mutations...

Accepted Answer

may result in gene variations that provide a survival advantage

Answer

that occur in body cells are passed to offspring

Answer

are random events that always increase the ability of members to reproduce

Answer

occur only in sexually reproducing organisms

Question 5

One environmental concern regarding the use of ladybugs to control insect pests could be that

Accepted Answer

the migration of introduced ladybugs may affect food webs in other areas

Answer

ladybugs are an endangered species and must be collected in the wild

Answer

ladybugs are a safer alternative than the use of chemical pesticides

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the action of ladybugs may reduce insect pest populations

Question 6

The best-adapted individuals in a population are most likely to be successful in passing on their traits to the next generation because

Accepted Answer

they were able to survive the conditions of their environment when others could not

Answer

their offspring will be better able to cope with any environmental changes that may occur

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their genes are the strongest, which will help them attract suitable mates

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they are less attractive and are less likely to find suitable mates

Question 7

Some structures found in living organisms are shown below. Which statement best describes the relationship among the three structures?

Accepted Answer

DNA controls the production of protein in the cell.

Answer

DNA is produced by large protein molecules that diffuse into the cell.

Answer

Protein is composed of DNA that is produced in the cell.

Answer

A cell is composed entirely of DNA and protein.

Question 8

8 Scientists found that over a period of 300 years, a pond slowly transformed into a meadow and then a forest. During that time, communities of organisms were replaced by different communities. The best explanation for why new communities were able to replace the older communities is that ...

Accepted Answer

the environment gradually changed, making the area less favorable for the old communities

Answer

the species in the old communities died of disease

Answer

there was a lack of predators for the new communities of organisms

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the original species suddenly became extinct

Question 9

What is the primary diet of warblers during their breeding season in New York State?

Accepted Answer

Insects

Answer

Seeds

Answer

Fruits

Answer

Nectar

Question 10

What is the main threat to the warblers' nesting sites in New York State?

Accepted Answer

Wooly adelgid

Answer

Climate change

Answer

Deforestation

Answer

Pollution

Question 11

Where do many species of warblers migrate from to breed in New York State?

Accepted Answer

Central and South America

Answer

Europe

Answer

Africa

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Asia

Question 12

If this continues, fewer warblers will be able to find suitable nesting sites. One consequence of this may be that ...

Accepted Answer

insect pest populations will increase because fewer warblers are present

Answer

there will be more food for birds that prey on warblers and other small birds

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fewer acorns will grow on the oak trees that also grow in the forest

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more warbler eggs will be hatched in Central and South America to increase the population

Question 13

Seagrass populations decrease significantly in size when sea turtles overgraze the area in which the grasses grow. When predators such as sharks have a constant presence in the same area, the turtles leave and the seagrass population increases. This is an example of how organisms

Accepted Answer

influence other species in a community

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balance their basic nutritional needs

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maintain their own internal stability

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depend on physical conditions for survival

Question 14

Strawberry plants grow runners off of the main parent plant, as shown in the photo below. New strawberry plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant develop along the runners. This phenomenon can be best explained by the fact that these strawberry plants are produced by...

Accepted Answer

asexual reproduction, and the new plants develop by mitosis and differentiation

Answer

sexual reproduction, and the new plants develop by meiosis and fertilization

Answer

asexual reproduction, and the new plants develop by meiosis and fertilization

Answer

sexual reproduction, and the new plants develop by mitosis and differentiation

Question 15

During a class field trip, a student measured and recorded some abiotic factors present in a pond. Which data did the student most likely include in their record of abiotic factors?

Accepted Answer

the temperature and pH of the water

Answer

the number of possible food chains and food webs

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the diversity of decomposers and their total mass

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the size and number of fish species

Question 16

Which statement best describes this recent discovery?

Accepted Answer

It is an example of parental care for the survival of their offspring.

Answer

It proves that all female animals produce the same hormones to make milk.

Answer

The discovery will allow for the reclassification of spiders as mammals.

Answer

The discovery confirms that spiders provide mammal milk to their offspring.

Question 17

Which statement best describes the offspring of these lizards?

Accepted Answer

The offspring have cells that contain DNA found only in the female lizard.

Answer

The offspring are a result of uniting a male and female gamete.

Answer

The offspring develop from eggs with twice the genetic information of the female lizard.

Answer

The offspring are genetically identical to each other and the female lizard.

Question 18

In humans, the placenta is important to the developing embryo. Which essential life functions are carried out by the placenta?

Accepted Answer

respiration, nutrition, and excretion

Answer

nutrition, excretion, and reproduction

Answer

movement, reproduction, and nutrition

Answer

coordination, immunity, and movement

Question 19

Injecting individuals with a vaccine composed of killed bacteria protects them from a disease because the proteins from the killed bacteria

Accepted Answer

stimulate the production of antibodies that can be produced in response to an infection

Answer

serve as food for invading pathogens, which prevents them from feeding on human proteins

Answer

bind with cell nuclei, preventing live pathogenic bacteria from binding with the nuclei later

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cause a mild case of the disease, preventing the immune system from responding to future infections

Question 20

Which statement describes how the organization of the urinary system and one other system interact to maintain homeostasis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The arteries, part of the circulatory system, deliver unfiltered blood to the cells of the urinary system to remove wastes.

Answer

The adrenal gland, part of the endocrine system, delivers nutrients to the cells of the urinary system to remove carbon dioxide from the blood.

Answer

The internal urethral sphincter muscle, part of the muscular system, contracts to signal the cells of the urinary system to regulate blood sugar.

Answer

The brain, part of the nervous system, sends messages to the renal plexus (nerves) to signal the cells of the urinary system to deliver oxygen to the blood.

Question 21

Which statement provides the best explanation for how red blood cells contribute to a feedback mechanism that maintains homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The aquaporins in the red blood cells facilitate the exchange of water in environments of different concentrations and help the kidneys more efficiently regulate salt and water balance.

Answer

The aquaporins in the red blood cells prevent the exchange of water in environments of different concentrations and help the kidneys more efficiently regulate salt and water balance.

Answer

The red blood cells change their shape to move through the kidney but have minimal effect on salt and water balance in the kidneys.

Answer

The red blood cells change their shape to move through the kidney but do not regulate any feedback mechanisms.

Question 22

In humans, the placenta is important to the developing embryo. Which essential life functions are carried out by the placenta?

Accepted Answer

respiration, nutrition, and excretion

Answer

nutrition, excretion, and reproduction

Answer

movement, reproduction, and nutrition

Answer

coordination, immunity, and movement

Question 23

Injecting individuals with a vaccine composed of killed bacteria protects them from a disease because the proteins from the killed bacteria

Accepted Answer

stimulate the production of antibodies that can be produced in response to an infection

Answer

serve as food for invading pathogens, which prevents them from feeding on human proteins

Answer

bind with cell nuclei, preventing live pathogenic bacteria from binding with the nuclei later

Answer

cause a mild case of the disease, preventing the immune system from responding to future infections

Question 24

Which statement about amino acids and simple sugars is correct?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids and simple sugars are used as building blocks in the synthesis of organic compounds.

Answer

Amino acids are used to build inorganic molecules, and simple sugars are used to build organic molecules.

Answer

Starches are digested into amino acids, and proteins are digested into simple sugars.

Answer

Amino acids can enter cells, and simple sugars cannot enter cells.

Question 25

Protein chains may break. This can cause a problem for living cells because

Accepted Answer

the broken proteins will not interact with other molecules correctly

Answer

if the proteins break, the cell will contain more proteins than it needs

Answer

if the chains break, the amino acids will poison the cell, destroying organelles

Answer

the broken chains will attack the ribosomes of the cell and shut them down

Question 26

Enzymes are essential to maintaining homeostasis and helping to regulate human metabolism. They are also examples of molecules that are

Accepted Answer

influenced by pH

Answer

composed of complex carbohydrates

Answer

not specific to any life function

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synthesized by the cell membrane

Question 27

The process by which DNA molecules separate and add new molecular bases to form another DNA molecule is called...

Accepted Answer

replication

Answer

protein synthesis

Answer

cell membrane synthesis

Answer

mitosis

Question 28

Which row in the chart below correctly describes activities that occur in each of the two organelles shown?

Accepted Answer

(2)

Answer

(1)

Answer

(3)

Answer

(4)

Question 29

The amount of fossil fuels consumed from 1800 until 2017 is shown in the graph. The increased demand for and use of fossil fuels is a direct result of an

Accepted Answer

increase in industrialization

Answer

increased focus on renewable energy sources

Answer

increased concern for environmental stability

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increase in atmospheric changes

Question 30

Some prescription drugs come with a warning that these drugs should be avoided during the early stages of pregnancy. The reason that pregnant women should avoid certain medications early in their pregnancy is because the drug may

Accepted Answer

affect the development of organs in the fetus

Answer

interfere with meiosis

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allow differentiation to occur

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interfere with fertilization

Question 31

The removal of three consecutive base-subunits from a gene would most directly affect the

Accepted Answer

structure of a protein

Answer

membrane of a cell

Answer

pH of the cytoplasm

Answer

size of a cell nucleus

Question 32

Some medications have been found to damage mitochondria. This can upset metabolism because mitochondria...

Accepted Answer

produce ATP molecules used for cellular processes

Answer

synthesize energy to make organic compounds

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produce carbon dioxide, which is used for cellular respiration

Answer

release oxygen, which is necessary for photosynthesis

Question 33

The Labrador retriever is a breed of dog that is characterized by a solid yellow, brown, or black coat and a friendly personality. In order to increase the chances of Labrador retriever puppies having these traits, breeders should

Accepted Answer

breed only dogs with the desired traits to produce puppies

Answer

insert the genes for these traits into the cells of the puppies

Answer

increase genetic variation by mating dogs with different traits

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use asexual reproduction to breed dogs with a variety of traits

Question 34

An example of a harmful immune response occurs when immune cells cause the breakdown of

Accepted Answer

transplanted organs

Answer

cancerous tissue

Answer

bacteria cells

Answer

pathogenic viruses

Question 35

Individuals who use tanning beds have an increased risk of getting skin cancer. Their skin cancer may

Accepted Answer

spread in the individual but will not be directly passed to their offspring

Answer

be passed to their offspring because it is a gene mutation

Answer

result in the offspring having immunity to skin cancer

Answer

help their offspring better adapt to skin cancer in sunnier climates

Question 36

Based on the model, which bacteria are able to convert atmospheric nitrogen gas to nitrogen compounds in the soil?

Accepted Answer

nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Answer

aerobic and anaerobic bacteria

Answer

nitrifying bacteria

Answer

denitrifying bacteria

Question 37

Based on the model, which two organisms carry out opposite processes?

Accepted Answer

denitrifying bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil

Answer

nitrifying bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil

Answer

nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in legumes

Answer

aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria

Question 38

Plants can use nitrates from the soil to make amino acids such as alanine (C₃H₇NO₂). Two other substances plants take in from their environment that would provide all of the components to make many alanine molecules are

Accepted Answer

carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O)

Answer

carbon dioxide (CO₂) and sunlight

Answer

water (H₂O) and oxygen (O₂)

Answer

glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂)

Question 39

If all of the aerobic and anaerobic bacteria indicated as decomposers in the model were lost from this ecosystem, the most likely effect would be...

Accepted Answer

a decrease in the carrying capacity for plants

Answer

a decrease in the carrying capacity for nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Answer

an increase in the number of nitrifying bacteria

Answer

an increase in activity of the nitrifying bacteria

Question 40

Which statement most accurately describes the relationship between the data and the original hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

The data support the hypothesis because crickets with the mutation had fewer fly larvae.

Answer

The data support the hypothesis because crickets without the mutation had a greater percentage of survivors.

Answer

The data do not support the hypothesis because crickets with the mutation had more fly larvae.

Answer

The data do not support the hypothesis because crickets with the mutation had a smaller percentage of survivors.

Question 41

Failure to properly dispose of contaminated cat litter is an example of

Accepted Answer

a human action that inadvertently could alter the equilibrium in an ecosystem

Answer

one way sea otters are negatively affecting large numbers of household pets

Answer

how humans are preventing a dangerous parasite from reproducing

Answer

the release of a substance that could result in a rapid growth of the sea otter population

Question 42

In order to support the claim that lead in the soil can result in learning difficulties in children, the scientists should

Accepted Answer

determine if there is a correlation between high levels of lead in the soil and in the blood of children with learning disabilities

Answer

repeat the study comparing lead levels in the soils near rivers with those near highways

Answer

support the passage of laws to eliminate the use of lead additives in gasoline

Answer

determine if high soil concentration of other metals, such as iron, causes learning difficulties in children

Question 43

After discovering where lead levels in the topsoil are high, what could parents do to reduce the chances of learning difficulties in their children?

Accepted Answer

Have their children wash their hands after playing outside.

Answer

Provide their children with only organic fruits and vegetables.

Answer

Have their children attend school in a different part of the community where lead levels are lower.

Answer

Provide their family physician with information about any genetic disorders in the family.

Question 44

What impact do beavers have on Arctic ecosystems by building dams?

Accepted Answer

They create new bodies of water, contributing to the thawing of permafrost.

Answer

They decrease the number of streams, reducing water flow.

Answer

They increase the temperature of the water, affecting fish populations.

Answer

They prevent the migration of other animals.

Question 45

Based on these numbers of beaver dams constructed between 2010 and 2019, a reasonable claim that scientists can make concerning beaver activity in the Arctic is that beavers

Accepted Answer

are accelerating the rate of global climate change

Answer

are producing a more stable Arctic ecosystem through dam-building

Answer

have exceeded their carrying capacity in the Arctic

Answer

have caused more soil to freeze during the winter months

Question 46

White-tailed deer in New York State breed once a year. The timing of the breeding season and birth of offspring is represented in the chart. Which statement best helps explain why this breeding cycle is successful for deer?

Accepted Answer

Giving birth in the spring and early summer ensures that there will be food for the offspring.

Answer

Deer avoid giving birth during the fall hunting season.

Answer

Fall is the only time of the year male and female deer are in the same locations.

Answer

Large deer predators move to cooler locations during the hot summer months.

Question 47

The diagram below represents human body cells and their interactions with the hormone, insulin. Insulin resistance results when the body produces insulin but cells are not able to respond to it. This resistance could result in

Accepted Answer

an increase in glucose in the bloodstream

Answer

a lower level of glucose in the bloodstream

Answer

an increase of glucose in the cell

Answer

a failure of glucose to leave the cells

Question 48

The scientists observed that when the marimo were floating, they were covered with tiny bubbles. They hypothesized that these bubbles were products of photosynthesis. Therefore, the bubbles were most likely

Accepted Answer

oxygen

Answer

carbon dioxide

Answer

hydrogen

Answer

glucose

Question 49

In order to determine if the floating of marimo was due to photosynthesis, the scientists treated them with DCMU, a chemical that prevents cells from carrying out photosynthesis. The DCMU-treated marimo were exposed to light continuously for 48 hours. No bubbles were observed on the surface of the treated marimo and they did not float. Based on these results, scientists can conclude that

Accepted Answer

gas released during photosynthesis causes marimo to float

Answer

warmer temperatures cause marimo to float

Answer

photosynthesis is not responsible for marimo floating

Answer

DCMU treatment increases the ability to float

Question 50

Which inference is reasonable, based on the data in the graph?

Accepted Answer

Spruce grouse, which inhabit spruce forests, became more common over the years.

Answer

Mice and other grassland species remained abundant in the area for many years.

Answer

Birds living in this area in 1995 preferred shrub habitats over heavily wooded habitats.

Answer

Birch trees are likely the most common type of tree species in the area today.

Question 51

Since the arrival of the single ancestral species on Madagascar, there are now over 100 species of lemurs. Which statement is a likely explanation for the current diversity of lemurs?

Accepted Answer

There were no natural predators and many available niches.

Answer

Genetic variation was limited because they were living on an island.

Answer

Competition between lemurs stopped natural selection.

Answer

Habitats were destroyed after the arrival of humans.

Question 52

Which is an example of physical evidence that could be used to support a possible evolutionary relationship among lemur species?

Accepted Answer

similar skeletal structures

Answer

similar amino acids

Answer

similar social behaviors

Answer

similar food choices

Question 53

Drastic environmental changes are occurring on an island. Which graph below best represents the variation in finch beak sizes that would most likely provide the greatest chance for survival?

Accepted Answer

Question 54

According to the information provided in the chart, which two plant species appear to be the most closely related?

Accepted Answer

C and A

Answer

A and B

Answer

B and D

Answer

D and C

Question 55

Some runners prepare for a race by completing a variety of warmups. These exercises are beneficial because they

Accepted Answer

can increase the flow of blood within the body

Answer

can prevent the production of carbon dioxide in muscle cells

Answer

speed up the breakdown of protein that is released during respiration

Answer

reduce the need for water in muscle cell metabolism

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