Transport in plants IGCSE

What substances does phloem transport?

• Glucose and vitamins

• Sucrose and amino acids

• Water and minerals

• Oxygen and carbon dioxide

Which part of the plant loses more water?

• The upper surface of the leaf

• The lower surface of the leaf due to the presence of stomata

• The stem of the plant

• The roots of the plant

What process allows mineral ions to move from the soil into the roots of plants?

• Diffusion

• Osmosis

• Active transport

• Facilitated diffusion

What is the significance of stomata in plants?

• They are responsible for photosynthesis.

• They are small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for gas exchange and transpiration.

• They help in nutrient absorption from the soil.

• They protect the plant from herbivores.

What is the role of cohesion in water movement in plants?

• Cohesion helps in the attraction between water molecules, aiding in the upward movement of water in the xylem.

• Cohesion prevents water from evaporating from the leaves, ensuring water retention.

• Cohesion allows water to be absorbed by the roots more efficiently.

• Cohesion is responsible for the color of the leaves during photosynthesis.

What is the role of root hairs in plants?

• To store nutrients for the plant

• To increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil.

• To provide structural support to the plant

• To facilitate photosynthesis in the roots.

Describe the process of diffusion in plant transport.

• Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, such as the movement of gases in and out of leaves.

• Diffusion is the process by which plants absorb water through their roots.

• Diffusion refers to the active transport of nutrients against a concentration gradient.

• Diffusion is the method by which plants store excess glucose in their leaves.

Explain the difference between xylem and phloem.

• Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant, while phloem transports organic nutrients, particularly sucrose, from the leaves to other parts.

• Xylem transports organic nutrients from the leaves to other parts, while phloem transports water and minerals from the roots.

• Xylem and phloem both transport water, but xylem is responsible for transporting nutrients only.

• Xylem transports water and nutrients in both directions, while phloem only transports water.

In which part of the plant does the movement of substances occur in one direction?

• Phloem

• Xylem

• Root hairs

• Stomata

How do plants adapt to reduce water loss?

• By having a thicker cuticle and closing stomata during the hottest parts of the day

• By increasing the number of stomata on the upper leaf surface

• By growing larger leaves to capture more sunlight

• By absorbing more water from the soil