MS-LS1-3 and MS-LS1-8

Which of the following best describes how the human body is organized from smallest to largest?

• Organ, cell, tissue, organ system

• Cell, tissue, organ, organ system

• Tissue, cell, organ, organ system

• Organ system, organ, tissue, cell

Answer explanation

The correct order of organization in the human body is from smallest to largest: cell, tissue, organ, and then organ system. This sequence reflects how cells group to form tissues, which combine to create organs, and finally, organ systems.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

What is the main function of the circulatory system in the human body?

• Breaking down food into nutrients

• Transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells

• Sending electrical signals to muscles

• Producing hormones

Answer explanation

The main function of the circulatory system is transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells, which is essential for cellular function and overall health. The other options do not accurately describe the primary role of this system.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

Which statement provides evidence that the digestive and circulatory systems interact?

• The heart pumps blood to the lungs.

• Nutrients from digested food enter the bloodstream.

• The stomach produces acid to break down food.

• The kidneys filter waste from the blood.

Answer explanation

The correct choice, 'Nutrients from digested food enter the bloodstream,' shows the interaction between the digestive and circulatory systems, as it highlights how digested nutrients are absorbed into the blood for distribution.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

How does the muscular system depend on the nervous system?

• The nervous system provides nutrients to muscles.

• The nervous system sends signals that control muscle movement.

• The muscular system produces hormones for the nervous system.

• The muscular system protects the brain.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is that the nervous system sends signals that control muscle movement. This communication is essential for coordinating muscle contractions and enabling voluntary and involuntary movements.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

Which of the following best supports the argument that the body is a system of interacting subsystems?

• Each organ works alone to keep the body alive.

• Subsystems like the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to deliver oxygen to cells.

• The body can survive without any one system.

• Cells do not interact with each other.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights how subsystems, like the respiratory and circulatory systems, collaborate to deliver oxygen, demonstrating the body's interdependent nature rather than functioning in isolation.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

Why is it important for the respiratory and circulatory systems to interact?

• To digest food efficiently

• To deliver oxygen to cells and remove carbon dioxide

• To produce hormones

• To store memories

Answer explanation

The respiratory and circulatory systems interact to deliver oxygen to cells and remove carbon dioxide, which is essential for cellular respiration and maintaining homeostasis in the body.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

What is the primary function of sensory receptors in the human body?

• To produce hormones

• To detect stimuli and send signals to the brain

• To digest food

• To transport oxygen

Answer explanation

The primary function of sensory receptors is to detect stimuli from the environment, such as light, sound, and touch, and send signals to the brain for processing, enabling perception and response.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-8

Which of the following best describes what happens when you touch a hot surface?

• Your muscles contract automatically without any signals.

• Sensory receptors in your skin send a message to your brain, which causes you to react.

• Your digestive system starts working faster.

• Your heart rate decreases.

Answer explanation

When you touch a hot surface, sensory receptors in your skin detect the heat and send signals to your brain, prompting a quick reaction to withdraw your hand. This response is crucial for protecting your body from harm.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-8

Which of the following is an example of a stimulus that sensory receptors respond to?

• Blood pressure

• Light shining in your eyes

• The number of bones in your body

• The amount of water you drink

Answer explanation

Sensory receptors respond to various stimuli, and 'light shining in your eyes' is a direct example, as it activates photoreceptors in the retina. The other options do not represent stimuli that sensory receptors detect.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-8

What happens after sensory receptors detect a stimulus?

• The information is ignored by the brain.

• The receptors send messages to the brain for processing.

• The digestive system starts working.

• The heart stops beating.

Answer explanation

After sensory receptors detect a stimulus, they send messages to the brain for processing. This allows the brain to interpret the information and respond appropriately, making this the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-8