Quiz on Inference in First Order Logic

What is the main purpose of inference in First Order Logic (FOL)?

• To create random statements

• To memorize facts

• To derive new facts from known ones

• To eliminate all known facts

Which quantifiers are used in First Order Logic?

• ¬ and ⊕

• ∀ and ∃

• ∧ and ∨

• → and ↔

What does Universal Instantiation (UI) allow you to do?

• Create a new constant

• Negate a statement

• Generalize a specific instance to all cases

• Apply a general statement to a specific instance

What is an example of Existential Generalization (EG)?

• If Priyanka got good marks, then someone got good marks

• If all students wear uniforms, then John wears a uniform

• If all bulbs are 60W, then one bulb is 60W

• If John likes ice cream, then everyone likes ice cream

What is a key problem with propositionalization in FOL?

• It can generate too many irrelevant sentences

• It requires more constants

• It eliminates all facts

• It simplifies the logic too much

What is the core function of an inference engine?

• To create random facts

• To apply logic to derive new facts

• To eliminate contradictions

• To memorize all known facts

Which of the following describes a Horn Clause?

• A conjunction of all literals

• A statement with only negative literals

• A statement with no literals

• Disjunction of literals with ≤1 positive literal

What is the first step in the resolution process?

• Convert statements to First-Order Logic

• Convert to propositional logic

• Negate the goal statement

• Apply the resolution rule

What does Backward Chaining do in an inference engine?

• Starts with known facts and works forward

• Generates random facts

• Starts with the goal and works backward

• Eliminates all irrelevant facts

What is the result of applying resolution to prove a statement?

• It eliminates all known facts

• It generates new facts

• A contradiction proves the statement is false

• A contradiction proves the statement is true