Pharm Fluids/Electrolytes

Which crystalloid solution has the highest osmolality?

• 0.9% NaCl

• 3% NaCl

• PlasmaLyte

• LR

What is a caution associated with the use of Albumin 5%?

• It is derived from animal blood.

• It should be used in patients with hypernatremia.

• It should be avoided in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

• It is recommended for volume resuscitation.

What is the first-line treatment for shock according to the resuscitation guidelines?

• Crystalloids

• Albumin 5%

• Blood transfusion

• Vasopressors

When is a vasopressin antagonist indicated as a first-line treatment in euvolemic hyponatremia?

• When fluid restriction is effective

• When fluid restriction is not an option

• As a first-line treatment for all patients

• Only in cases of severe dehydration

Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of vasopressin antagonists?

• Hypervolemic hyponatremia

• Use with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors

• Mild dehydration

• High blood pressure

Which treatment is recommended for nephrogenic isovolemic hypernatremia?

• 0.9% NaCl

• DDAVP

• D5W

• Thiazide

Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for a symptomatic hypokalemia due to diuretic use?

• Calcium gluconate

• Potassium chloride

• Sodium bicarbonate

• Spironolactone

Which of the following is the most appropriate management of an asymptomatic hyperkalemic (6.8 mEq/L) patient with a normal ECG to rapidly lower the serum potassium?

• Sodium polystyrene sulfonate

• Calcium gluconate

• Regular insulin with dextrose

• Furosemide

Which electrolyte should you evaluate in someone with hypokalemia as it can affect the treatment of hypokalemia if low?

• Calcium

• Phosporus

• Magnesium

• Sodium