4th Year

Which of the following best defines sampling error?

• The mistake made during data entry in survey results

• The difference between the sample statistic and the true population parameter

• The error caused by using the wrong statistical formula

• The difference between two samples taken from the same population

Why is sampling error important in statistical analysis?

• It determines the number of variables in a dataset
  

• It shows how much bias is present in the data

• It helps quantify the uncertainty in estimates derived from a sample

• It ensures that the population parameter is exactly equal to the sample mean

What best describes sampling bias in a study?

• Random error that occurs by chance during sampling
  

• The difference between the sample statistic and population parameter

• Systematic error caused by over-representing certain individuals or groups due to nonrandom sampling

• Mistakes in data entry during statistical analysis

Which of the following steps ensures that every element in the population has a known and non-zero chance of being selected?

• Determining the sample size
  

• Selecting a non-probability sampling technique
  

• Defining the sampling frame
  

• Choosing a probability sampling method

Which of the following best defines the “population” in sampling design?

• A list of individuals available for selection
  

• A subset of individuals chosen for study
  

• The entire group about which the researcher wants to draw conclusions
  

• The number of participants in the sample

What is the sampling frame in the sampling design process?

• The sample selected from the population
  

• The actual list or source from which the sample is drawn

• The technique used to select a sample

• The group of people who respond to a survey

Which of the following is a probability sampling method?

• Stratified random sampling
  

• Judgmental sampling

• Snowball sampling

• Convenience sampling

Which of the following is not a factor influencing the determination of sample size?

• Population variability

• Confidence level

• Margin of error

• Seasonal variation

What is the main objective during the execution of the sampling process?

• To select and record the sample accurately, avoiding bias

• To finalize the research hypothesis

• To publish results

• To calculate the sample mean

What are the rules of thumb for determining sample size?

• Large population, smaller percentage of sample and

  Small population needs a census.

• Always use a sample size equal to 10% of the population

• A sample size of 30 is always sufficient regardless of population size

• Use as small a sample size as possible to minimize cost