4. Forest Society and Colonialism

What was the primary reason for deforestation during colonial rule?

• Systematic expansion for agriculture/industry
• Natural disasters
• Climate change
• Indigenous practices

Which community in Java specialized in forest cutting?

• Kalangs
• Gonds
• Santhals
• Mundurucu

The Indian Forest Act was first enacted in:

• 1865
• 1878
• 1927
• 1905

What system did the Dutch introduce for forest labor?

• Blandongdiensten
• Taungya
• Shifting cultivation
• Scientific forestry

Which trees were promoted for railways?

• Teak and sal
• Bamboo
• Mahua
• Oak

The Bastar rebellion occurred in:

• 1910
• 1857
• 1942
• 1770

Who led the Bastar rebellion?

• Gunda Dhur
• Birsa Munda
• Sidhu
• Alluri Sitarama Raju

Scientific forestry focused on:

• Single-species plantations
• Biodiversity
• Community needs
• Religious sites

The 1878 Forest Act classified forests into:

• 3 categories
• 2 types
• 5 zones
• No classification

Samin's movement opposed:

• State forest ownership
• Dutch taxes
• Religious conversion
• All of the above