Chemistry P4 2025

A student heats a solid until it changes into a gas. Which change of state is not involved?

• • Melting

• • Boiling

• • Sublimation

• • Condensation

Which piece of apparatus is most suitable for measuring 25.0 cm³ of a liquid accurately?

• • Beaker

• • Measuring cylinder

• • Pipette

• • Test tube

What does it mean when a substance has a sharp melting point?

• • It is an impure substance.

• • It melts over a range of temperatures.

• • It is a pure substance.

• • It sublimes.

When water is boiled and condensed during distillation, what is removed?

• Salt

• Water

• Air

• Carbon dioxide

A student cools steam and collects water. What process is involved?

• • Sublimation

• • Condensation

• • Boiling

• • Filtration

Which method separates a soluble solid from a solution?

• • Filtration

• • Chromatography

• • Crystallisation

• • Distillation

Which subatomic particle is located in the nucleus and has no charge?

• Electron

• Proton

• Neutron

• Ion

Which instrument is used to determine isotopic abundances?

• • Colorimeter

• • Spectrometer

• • Mass spectrometer

• • Chromatograph

Which property differs between isotopes of the same element?

• Chemical properties

• Atomic number

• Number of protons

• Relative atomic mass

How can you determine the number of neutrons in an atom?

• • Atomic number – mass number

• • Mass number – atomic number

• • Atomic number ÷ mass number

• • Mass number ÷ atomic number