What is the most accurate definition of a cyclotron in the context of medical utilization?

• Device for performing microsurgery on patients.

• Machine that converts wind energy into electricity in hospitals.

• Tool for generating direct X-rays for body imaging.

• Circular particle accelerator that accelerates charged particles to produce radioisotopes.

Which radioisotope is most commonly produced by cyclotrons for PET Scan, specifically FDG-PET?

• Fluorine-18 (18F) because it emits positrons and has a short half-life.

• Carbon-14 (14C) because its half-life is very long.

• Uranium-235 (235U) as a primary energy source.

• Cobalt-60 (60Co) for sterilizing medical equipment.

What is the main advantage of particle therapy (e.g., proton therapy) using cyclotrons for cancer treatment?

• Enhancing the patient's immune system.

• Healing open wounds and broken bones.

• Destroying cancer cells with high precision, minimizing damage to healthy tissue.

• Eliminating bacteria and viruses from the blood.

One of the main challenges in the utilization of cyclotrons in the medical field is...

• Not producing radioactive waste at all.

• High acquisition and operational costs, as well as technical complexity.

• Very cheap and easy to operate by anyone.

• Requires small space and little maintenance.

In a medical context, what is meant by the concept of 'Theranostics'?

• Method for accelerating the aging of body cells.

• Process of mass-producing generic drugs.

• Concept where diagnosis and therapy are performed with different tools.

• Combined diagnostic and therapeutic strategy using a single radioisotope or pair of radioisotopes.

What is the crucial role of cyclotrons in providing radioisotopes for medical applications, especially those with very short half-lives?

• Only used for basic physics research, not for medical production.

• Able to produce very short half-life radioisotopes that cannot be imported.

• Inefficient in producing radioisotopes, needs other sources.

• Can only produce radioisotopes with very long half-lives.

Who was the physicist who first developed the concept of the cyclotron in the 1930s?

• Albert Einstein

• Isaac Newton

• Ernest O. Lawrence

• Marie Curie

What is the main component of the cyclotron that functions to accelerate charged particles with alternating electric fields?

• Main Magnet

• Ion Source

• ‘Dee’ Electrodes

• Vacuum System

What is the primary function of the main magnetic system in a cyclotron?

• Generate ions from certain elements.

• Provide a circular path for accelerated particles.

• Regulate radio frequency (RF) for particle acceleration.

• Monitor the quantity of internal beam current.

What is the function of the main magnetic system in a cyclotron?

• To provide a circular trajectory for accelerated particles.

• To regulate radio frequency (RF) for particle acceleration.

• To monitor the quantity of internal beam current.

• To provide a linear trajectory for accelerated particles.